检查现有的过量剂量监测系统的准确性
Jennifer Griffith1, Laura C Chambers1,2, Benjamin D Hallowell2
1Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island.
JAMA network open
|June 28, 2023
概括
疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 的阿片类药物过量病例定义准确地确定了真正的过量服用,超过了罗德岛卫生部 (RIDOH) 的监测系统. 这表明CDC的定义改善了过量监测数据.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生监督 公共卫生监督
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
背景情况:
- 目前的过量监测方法各不相同,促使疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 为国家实施标准化病例定义.
- 与现有的州级监测系统相比,CDC的阿片类药物过量病例定义的准确性仍未评估.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估CDC阿片类药物过量病例定义的准确性.
- 评估现有的罗德岛卫生部 (RIDOH) 国家阿片类药物过量监测系统的准确性.
主要方法:
- 在2021年1月至5月期间,罗德岛州普罗维登斯的两个急诊部 (ED) 进行了一项横截面研究.
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 经过审查,通过CDC病例定义确定了阿片类药物过量,并向RIDOH监测系统报告.
- 积极的预测值是通过将EHR验证的真实过量病例与CDC定义和RIDOH系统进行比较来计算的.
主要成果:
- 在符合CDC定义或RIDOH报告的460次ED访问中,有359次 (78.0%) 确诊为真正的阿片类药物过量.
- 疾病预防控制中心 (CDC) 的阿片类药物过量案例定义确定了真实过量,预测值为90.8% (95% CI,87.2%-93.8%).
- 国家RIDOH监测系统确定了真正的过量服用,预测值为75.6% (95%CI,70.4%-80.2%).
结论:
- 与RIDOH监测系统相比,CDC的阿片类药物过量病例定义在识别真实过量时表现出更高的准确性.
- 实施CDC对阿片类药物过量监测的病例定义可能会提高全国数据的效率和统一性.
- 标准化病例定义对于提高公共卫生监测数据的可靠性和可比性至关重要.
相关概念视频
Pharmacovigilance
908
Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
908
Drug Concentrations: Measurements
412
Drug concentration is the quantity of a drug present in a biological sample. Measuring drug amounts in biological samples allows the clinician to understand how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted. Samples can be obtained through invasive or non-invasive methods. Invasive techniques involve surgical or parenteral interventions to gather blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or tissue biopsy. Conversely, non-invasive approaches provide samples like urine, feces, and saliva.
Plasma...
Plasma...
412
Drug Regulation
1.4K
Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
1.4K
Drug Concentration Versus Time Correlation
902
The plasma drug concentration-time curve is a crucial tool in pharmacokinetics, representing the drug's concentration in plasma at different time intervals post-administration. This curve illustrates the drug's journey from absorption into the systemic circulation, distribution to body tissues, and eventual elimination through excretion or biotransformation.
Two pivotal parameters are the minimum effective concentration (MEC) and the minimum toxic concentration (MTC). The MEC is the...
Two pivotal parameters are the minimum effective concentration (MEC) and the minimum toxic concentration (MTC). The MEC is the...
902
Principles of Disease Surveillance
131
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
131
Systematic Error: Methodological and Sampling Errors
1.5K
In the case of systematic errors, the sources can be identified, and the errors can be subsequently minimized by addressing these sources. According to the source, systematic errors can be divided into sampling, instrumental, methodological, and personal errors.
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
Sampling errors originate from improper sampling methods or the wrong sample population. These errors can be minimized by refining the sampling strategy. Defective instruments or faulty calibrations are the sources of instrumental...
1.5K


