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临灭绝的南方居民杀手 (Orcinus orca) 皮肤变化的流行病学
Joseph K Gaydos1, Judy St Leger2, Stephen Raverty3
1The SeaDoc Society, Karen C. Drayer Wildlife Health Center - Orcas Island Office, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Eastsound, Washington, United States of America.
PloS one
|June 28, 2023
概括
对南方居民杀手 (Orcinus orca) 的摄影分析揭示了广泛的皮肤病变. 这些病变,特别是灰色斑块和点,从2004年至2016年大幅增加,引发了这个危群体的健康问题.
科学领域:
- 海洋哺乳动物健康
- 野生动物疾病生态学 野生动物疾病生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 摄影识别目录对于远程评估海洋哺乳动物的健康状况非常有价值.
- 南方居民杀手 (Orcinus orca) 是一个临灭绝的种群,面临着众多威胁.
- 鱼的皮肤病变可能表明潜在的健康问题和环境压力因素.
研究的目的:
- 用摄影数据来描述南方居民杀手的皮肤变化.
- 为了确定皮肤病变是否可以作为个人,群体或人口健康的指标.
- 评估特定皮肤病变的患病率和随时间的变化趋势.
主要方法:
- 从2004年至2016年,对18697张南方居民杀手的数字照片进行了回顾性分析.
- 鉴定和分类六种不同的皮肤病变类型.
- 多变量统计建模,包括年龄,性别,小组和母系数据.
主要成果:
- 在141只被评估的鱼中,99%的鱼显示出皮肤病变的照片证据.
- 两种普遍存在的病变,灰色斑块和灰色目标,在2004年至2016年期间,在所有子中,点患病率显著增加.
- 病变的发病率在小组和年份之间有所不同,在各个年龄段之间存在很小的差异.
结论:
- 在南方居民杀手中,特定皮肤病变的流行率越来越高,这是一个值得注意的趋势.
- 这些病变的健康意义需要进一步调查,特别是关于与身体状况下降和免疫能力下降的潜在联系.
- 了解这些病变的病因和病原体对于评估这个危群体的健康至关重要.
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