分支链的行为动力学极化了囊泡轨迹和分区的基上皮质膜领域
Gholamali Jafari1, Liakot A Khan1, Hongjie Zhang1,2
1Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Developmental Biology and Genetics Core, MGHfC, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Science advances
|June 28, 2023
概括
在C. elegans的新膜形成过程中,动丁动力学驱动着极化囊泡的流通. 这种由actin指导的过程将顶端域定位,从而影响上皮细胞的极性.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
背景情况:
- 表皮质极性对组织功能至关重要,传统上是基于膜的线索解释的,例如分离缺陷 (PAR) 蛋白.
- 新出现的证据表明,细胞内囊泡贩运在建立顶域定位方面发挥了作用,先于基于膜的线索.
- 囊泡运输变得独立于已建立的膜域的两极分化的机制仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查囊泡贩运如何实现独立于apicobasal目标膜领域的顶峰方向性.
- 阐明在新两极化膜生物发生中的actin动态的作用及其对上皮质极性的影响.
- 挑战和完善现有的表皮质极性建立模型.
主要方法:
- 利用C. elegans肠道作为研究de novo偏振膜生物发生的模型系统.
- 采用光调节技术来追踪细胞质和细胞皮层内的F-actin动态.
- 研究了分支链阿克丁调节剂在调节阿克丁动态和囊泡贩运中的功能.
主要成果:
- 证明了顶端囊泡轨迹的方向性取决于 de novo 表皮膜形成期间的行为动力学.
- 证明了由特定蛋白质调节的活性蛋白决定了顶峰膜成分,PAR和活性蛋白本身的偏振分布.
- 通过光调节,可视化了F-actin通过细胞质和皮质向正在发展的顶端域的运动.
结论:
- 在表皮质极性建立的初始阶段,主动因子动态对于两极化囊泡性流通至关重要.
- 提出了一种新型模型,在该模型中,actin导向的贩运不对称地插入新生的顶域,从而分割顶基膜域.
- 这项研究强调了前来被低估的细胞骨动力学在膜域规范之前建立基本细胞极性中的关键作用.
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