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澳大利亚新生儿简单疹中枢神经系统疾病的特征 (1997-2020年)

Suzy Teutsch¹, Angela Berkhout², Camille Raynes-Greenow³

¹The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney, Australia; The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, Kids Research, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia.

Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology

|June 28, 2023

概括

新生儿简单疹病毒 (HSV) 中枢神经系统 (CNS) 疾病不成比例地影响男性. 尽管有治疗,但仍存在显著的发病率和死亡率,这凸显了改善治疗方法的必要性.

科学领域:

儿科神经学儿科神经学
传染性疾病传染性疾病
新生儿护理新生儿护理

背景情况:

新生儿简单疹病毒 (HSV) 中枢神经系统 (CNS) 疾病对健康构成重大挑战,它要么单独发生,要么作为传播感染的一部分.
了解新生儿中枢神经系统疾病的流行病学和临床特征对于及时诊断和管理至关重要.

研究的目的:

描述澳大利亚24年新生儿中枢神经系统疾病的发病率和临床特征.
为了比较中枢神经系统参与和不参与的新生儿之间的特征和结果,以及中枢神经系统受限和中枢神经系统传播的疾病之间的特征和结果.

主要方法:

在1997年至2020年期间,向澳大利亚儿科监测部门报告的确诊HSV感染的新生儿 (≤28天) 的前性监测.
实验室确认的HSV中枢神经系统疾病的评估,包括临床,神经成像和脑电图的发现.
新生儿中枢神经系统疾病与没有中枢神经系统疾病,中枢神经系统受限与中枢神经系统传播疾病的比较.

主要成果:

在195名患有HSV疾病的新生儿中,87% (45%) 患有中枢神经系统疾病,每年每10万活产婴儿发生病例为1.29.
患有中枢神经系统疾病的新生儿更有可能是男性 (60%),并且比患有中枢神经系统受限制疾病 (平均12天) 早些时候 (平均6天) 呈现中枢神经系统传播疾病.
中枢神经系统疾病的死亡率为23%,主要是在扩散的病例中. 幸存者面临高率的不良神经系统后续 (30%对4%没有中枢神经系统疾病).

结论:

男性新生儿承受HSV中枢神经系统疾病的更高负担.
尽管在治疗阿西克洛维尔,新生儿HSV中枢神经系统疾病导致大量的发病率和死亡率.
对辅助疗法的进一步研究对于改善受影响新生儿的治疗结果至关重要.

关键词:

中枢神经系统中枢神经系统流行病学流行病学简单的疹病毒简单的病毒.新生儿是一种新生儿.

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