虐待儿童和与欺凌受害者发展轨迹相关的个体特征:一个综合的,多理论的方法
Sujung Cho1, Shannon B Harper2
1Criminology and Criminal Justice, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois, USA.
Journal of adolescence
|June 28, 2023
概括
青少年欺凌受害者表现出不同的发展模式. 低自尊和先前的虐待增加了风险,目标一致性和生活方式因素调解了这些影响.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 青少年有先前的受害者 (例如,虐待儿童) 和低自尊/抑郁症面临更高的风险重复欺凌受害.
- 虽然研究了欺凌的轨迹,但青少年发育过程中明显的受害者模式仍未得到充分探索.
- 这项研究通过确定未被观察到的子组来解决欺凌受害者发展途径的异质性.
研究的目的:
- 在韩国青少年中识别凌受害的不同发育轨迹模式.
- 检查低自尊,抑郁和先前虐待儿童对这些轨迹的影响.
- 测试综合目标一致性,生活方式和日常活动理论 (LRAT) 和国家依赖/人口异质性观点的解释力.
主要方法:
- 采用多理论方法对2,190名韩国青年 (2010-2016) 的全国样本进行了研究.
- 采用三步潜伏阶级增长分析来识别不同的子组及其发展途径.
- 综合目标一致性,LRAT,国家依赖性和人口异质性概念.
主要成果:
- 确定了欺凌受害的三个不同的轨迹群.
- 更高的低自尊与早期发病/下降和增加/晚期峰值轨迹有关.
- 低自尊和抑郁症增加了属于早期发病和下降群体的几率,儿童虐待的影响由目标一致性和生活方式调解.
结论:
- 展示了整合目标一致性和生活方式常规活动概念的实用性,以解释发育受害的异质性.
- 突出了个人因素 (自尊,抑郁) 和情境因素 (虐待,生活方式) 在塑造欺凌受害轨迹的复杂相互作用.
相关概念视频
Bullying
8.4K
A modern form of aggression is bullying. As you learn in your study of child development, socializing and playing with other children is beneficial for children’s psychological development. However, as you may have experienced as a child, not all play behavior has positive outcomes. Some children are aggressive and want to play roughly. Other children are selfish and do not want to share toys. One form of negative social interactions among children that has become a national concern is...
8.4K
Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder
260
The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
260
Adler's Individual Psychology
853
Alfred Adler, a prominent figure in psychology, founded the school of individual psychology. In contrast to Freud's emphasis on sexual or aggressive motives, Adler suggested that individuals are primarily motivated by their purposes and goals. He believed that people strive for perfection rather than pleasure. Adler argued that individuals could creatively act upon their genetic inheritance and environmental experiences to shape their own lives, emphasizing conscious motivation over...
853
Cognitive Development During Adolescence
85
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
85
Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
62
Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...
62
Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality
585
Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...
585


