诊断出精神疾病与早期退学之间的关联的时间变化
Ida Ringbom1,2,3, Jaana Suvisaari4, Andre Sourander5,6
1Department of Child Psychiatry and Invest Flagship, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, 3rd. Floor, 20014, Turku, Finland. ida.j.ringbom@utu.fi.
European child & adolescent psychiatry
|June 28, 2023
概括
青少年的精神和神经发育障碍与早期学业学有关. 尽管诊断增加了,但在某些疾病 (如学习障碍) 中,学率上升,这凸显了对有效干预的需要.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 精神问题是教育成绩不佳的已知的风险因素.
- 有证据表明,接受心理健康治疗的青少年人数有所增加.
- 青少年精神病症和学业学率之间的不断变化的关联需要进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 检查两个芬兰出生队伍中早期青少年精神障碍和随后的学业学之间的关联的变化.
- 确定特定的精神和神经发育障碍,与早期放学风险增加有关.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自1987年和1997年芬兰出生队列研究的基于登记册的数据.
- 包括参与者 (N=25,421为1987年,N=32,025为1997年),不包括那些来自医院地区的不完整记录.
- 从10-16岁的诊断来看,早期放学被定义为未在18岁之前申请中学教育,使用10-16岁的诊断.
主要成果:
- 早期学率为2.0% (1987年) 和1.6% (1997年).
- 在10-16岁时接受过任何精神病诊断的青少年中,学业中断率较高 (在1987年为3.9%,在1997年为4.8%).
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的学业学比例最高 (1987年为19.4%,1997年为16.2%). 学习障碍显示出放学风险显著增加 (3.4%至9.0%),而抑郁症显示下降 (4.5%至2.1%).
结论:
- 精神病/神经发育障碍与早期放学之间的关联仍然存在,受影响的青少年中放学风险总体增加.
- 特殊情况,如学习障碍,显示出放学率的令人担忧的上升,需要有针对性的干预措施.
- 尽管心理病理的检测越来越多,但整体中学学率并没有下降,这强调了需要更有效的预防策略.
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