解决问题和应对社会焦虑的情绪应对方式:对中国大陆学生的元分析
Zehua Dong1, Ming Ming Chiu2, Shuqi Zhou3
1Jing Hengyi School of Education; Chinese Education Modernization Research Institute of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Child psychiatry and human development
|June 28, 2023
概括
专注于解决问题的应对 (PSC) 减少了社会焦虑,而专注于情绪的应对 (EFC) 增加了它. 这些影响在国民收入较高时更为明显,这表明针对社会焦虑管理的有针对性的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 关于正面和负面应对方式对社会焦虑的影响,结果各不相同.
- 了解应对机制对于开发有效的社会焦虑干预措施至关重要.
- 元分析提供了一个强大的方法来合成现有研究结果.
研究的目的:
- 确定以解决问题为中心的应对 (PSC) 和以情绪为中心的应对 (EFC) 对中国大陆社会焦虑的整体影响大小.
- 探索影响应对方式和社会焦虑之间的关系的潜在缓解因素.
主要方法:
- 进行了两个元分析,合成了来自PSC的49项研究 (N=34,669) 和EFC的52项研究 (N=36,531) 的数据.
- 分析了与国民收入相关的效应大小,学生人口统计 (农村/城市,年龄),研究设计 (截面/纵向) 和社会焦虑措施.
- 研究了性别,独生子女身份和应对风格测量方法的适度效应.
主要成果:
- PSC与社会焦虑有负相关性 (效果大小 = -0.198),表明它减少了社会焦虑.
- EFC与社会焦虑积极相关 (效果大小=0.223),表明它加剧了社会焦虑.
- 对于PSC和EFC,在国民收入较高的年份,效应大小都更大.
结论:
- 在中国的背景下,以解决问题为重点的应对策略在减少社会焦虑方面似乎比以情绪为重点的策略更有效.
- 社会经济因素 (国民收入) 和个人特征 (年龄,地点) 可能会影响不同应对方式的有效性.
- 建议在未来进行实验研究,以严格测试PSC与减少社会焦虑之间的因果关系.
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