在孤独的年轻女性中,对急性社会压力的低皮质血清反应性
Madison E Stout1, Bryant H Keirns2, Misty A W Hawkins3
1Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Social neuroscience
|June 29, 2023
概括
经历过社会排斥的年轻女性表现出较低的皮质醇反应性,特别是如果她们感到慢性孤独. 这表明孤独的人可能有非典型的应激反应,可能会影响健康.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经内分泌学神经内分泌学
- 社会神经科学是一种社会神经科学.
背景情况:
- 社交疼痛,如排斥,可以激活与身体疼痛类似的神经通路.
- 慢性孤独是一种与不良健康结果相关的重大压力因素.
- 皮质醇反应性是身体应激反应系统的关键指标.
研究的目的:
- 调查年轻女性社会排斥和皮质醇反应性之间的关系.
- 为了检查慢性孤独是否能缓和社会排斥和皮质醇反应之间的关联.
- 在孤独的背景下,探索对急性社会疼痛的生物心理社会应激反应.
主要方法:
- 参与者 (n=31,女性,18-25岁) 被随机分配到Cyberball社会排斥或包容条件.
- 唾液皮质醇水平在演讲任务之前和之后的多个时间点被测量.
- 用曲线下面面积增加 (AUCi) 来量化皮质醇反应性,并进行适度分析.
主要成果:
- 社会排斥显示出一个非显著的趋势,即较低的皮质醇反应率 (AUCi).
- 孤独显著缓解了这一效应:与被排除的女性相比,与被排除的女性相比,孤独度高的女性表现出明显较低的皮质醇反应性.
- 对于低或中等孤独感的女性,排除和包容条件之间没有发现皮质醇反应性的显著差异.
结论:
- 经历过社会排斥的孤独的年轻女性可能会对社会压力表现出高皮质血压反应.
- 这些发现与文献相一致,该文献将慢性压力和较低的皮质醇反应与负面健康结果联系起来.
- 这项研究强调了社会经验,孤独感和生理应激反应之间的复杂相互作用.
相关概念视频
Psychological Responses to Stress
79
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
79
Introduction to Stress and Lifestyle
147
Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
147
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis
60.6K
The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
60.6K
Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease
54
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
54
Stress and Mental Health
186
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
186
Physiological Foundation of Stress
97
Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
97


