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与年龄相关的听力损失中的认知储备障碍:认知皮质对听觉感知处理进行补偿

Minqian Gao^1,2,3, Tianci Feng¹, Fei Zhao⁴

¹Department of Otolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 West of Yan Jiang Road, Guangzhou 510120, China.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

|June 29, 2023

概括

与年龄相关的听力损失 (ARHL) 与认知能力下降有关,脑部成像显示了听觉-认知连接的改变. 助听器 (HA) 可能有助于重塑这些连接,有可能改善老年人的认知功能.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
听力学听力学是指听力学.
老年学是一门学科.

背景情况:

与年龄相关的听力损失 (ARHL) 在老年人中很普遍.
ARHL与认知能力下降和大脑功能变化有关.
了解将ARHL与认知障碍联系在一起的机制对于开发干预措施至关重要.

研究的目的:

研究ARHL认知储备障碍背后的神经机制.
使用电脑电图 (EEG) 检查ARHL和认知衰退之间的相关性.
评估助听器 (HA) 的潜力,以逆转听觉认知连接的不利重塑.

主要方法:

32名参与者 (12名ARHL,9名HA使用者,11名健康对照) 接受了EEG,纯色调平均 (PTA) 和认知测试 (MoCA).
分析包括功率光谱密度,功能连接性和特定的EEG标记 (DeltaTM_DTA,CTB,DeltaTM_CTA).
分析了听觉测量 (PTA) 和认知分数 (MoCA,语言,抽象) 之间的相关性.

主要成果:

在ARHL组显示显著较低的MoCA分数,特别是在语言和抽象.
ARHL与右侧中叶状回路的马功率增加以及上部额头回路和带带回路之间的功能连接性较弱有关.
与对照组相比,HA组的助听器使用与某些大脑区域的连接性增加有关.
特定的EEG标记物 (DeltaTM_DTA,CTB,DeltaTM_CTA) 在ARHL中显示出不同的模式,与认知功能相关.

结论:

认知皮层补偿ARHL受损的听觉处理,导致认知能力下降.
助听器可以重塑听觉和认知区域之间的功能连接受损.
像DeltaTM这样的EEG标志物可以作为ARHL认知衰退和语音感知减少的早期生物标志物.

关键词:

与年龄有关的听力损失.听觉感知处理听觉感知处理认知性皮层补偿性补偿性

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