对自闭症和典型发育儿童的情绪,行为和注意力问题的纵向比较
N Wright1, V Courchesne2, A Pickles3
1Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
Psychological medicine
|June 29, 2023
概括
自闭症儿童比正常发育的同龄人有更多的心理健康问题,女孩尤其受到影响. 早期评估和综合护理对于应对这些发展挑战至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 与更高的心理健康问题率有关.
- 关于自闭症个体在整个童年时期这些问题的发展轨迹的研究有限.
- 这项研究比较了自闭症和典型发育 (TD) 儿童焦虑抑郁,行为和注意力问题的患病率和增长模式.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较自闭症儿童与TD儿童的焦虑抑郁,行为和注意力问题的水平和增长.
- 确定自闭症儿童心理健康问题轨迹的预测因素.
- 突出自闭症女孩的特定心理健康需求.
主要方法:
- 隐性增长曲线建模用于分析儿童行为检查清单中重复的家长报告数据.
- 从2至10岁的自闭症儿童初始队列 (Pathways研究) 和一般人口TD队列 (Wirral儿童健康和发展研究) 收集数据.
- 百分位图被生成以可视化和量化群体之间的差异.
主要成果:
- 自闭症儿童表现出较高的心理健康问题,尽管考虑到智商和性别,差异缩小了.
- 增长模式显示微小的变化;焦虑抑郁问题在学前阶段更高,注意力问题在童年后期.
- 较高的家庭收入,智商和女性性别与问题轨迹的特定变化有关,而自闭症症状严重程度预测了注意力问题.
- 与她们的TD女性同龄人相比,自闭症女孩表现出特别高的TD问题.
结论:
- 自闭症儿童,特别是女孩,比TD儿童面临更大的心理健康挑战.
- 心理健康轨迹的预测者在自闭症和TD人群之间有所不同.
- 建议将心理健康评估纳入自闭症儿童的常规临床护理.
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