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在属Pan的男性中生殖不平等
Maud Mouginot1, Leveda Cheng2,3, Michael L Wilson4,5
1Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
概括
雄性繁殖倾斜在黑猩猩和黑猩猩中都很高,挑战了黑猩猩平等主义的假设. 新的数据显示,红猩猩的生殖不平等程度最高,受社会动态和女性选择的影响.
科学领域:
- 灵长类的行为生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 人口遗传学 人口遗传学
背景情况:
- 生殖不平等是自然选择的一个关键驱动因素.
- 评估雄性生殖倾斜性在缓慢生命历史的乱交物种中具有挑战性,比如红猩猩 (Pan paniscus) 和黑猩猩 (Pan troglodytes).
- 之前的研究表明,博的男性生殖能力偏差很高,这与它们的平等主义形象相反.
研究的目的:
- 用扩展的父权数据重新检查黑猩猩和黑猩猩的男性生殖倾斜模式.
- 为了研究影响男性生殖倾斜的机制,在Pan.
- 为了比较红黑猩猩和黑猩猩之间的繁殖倾斜,并确定驱动差异的因素.
主要方法:
- 从已发表的研究中分析出父权数据,以及来自黑猩猩和黑猩猩种群的新数据.
- 应用多项式指数 (M) 来量化生殖倾斜.
- 观察到的继承成功与优先访问模型预测的比较.
主要成果:
- 在黑猩猩和黑猩猩之间观察到雄性生殖倾斜的相当大的重叠.
- 在研究的种群中,牛表现出最高水平的生殖倾斜.
- 在两个博诺博群落中,排名最高的雄性生下了更多的后代,而不是按照优先访问的预测,这种模式在黑猩猩中没有见过.
结论:
- 类动物表现出高雄生殖倾斜,得到了更广泛的数据集的支持.
- 泛亚物种的繁殖倾斜模型必须包含雄雄竞争,群体间动态,雌雄分组和雄雄相互作用,包括雌雄的选择.
- 了解这些因素对于解释这些物种中不平等的演变至关重要.
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