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饮食习惯与心血管疾病之间的因果关系:孟德尔的随机化研究

Miaomiao Yang¹, Xiong Gao¹, Liangzhen Xie²

¹Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.

The British journal of nutrition

|June 29, 2023

概括

门德尔的随机分析揭示了饮食和心血管疾病 (CVD) 之间的因果关系. 吃奶酪可以防止心脏病发作和心力衰竭,吃家禽可以增加高血压风险,吃干果可以降低高血压风险.

科学领域:

心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
营养遗传学营养遗传学
遗传流行病学遗传流行病学

背景情况:

观察性研究表明饮食影响心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险,但因果关系尚不清楚.
确定因果关系对于有效的饮食建议来预防心血管疾病至关重要.
门德尔随机化 (MR) 提供了一种强大的方法来推断使用遗传变异作为仪器变量的因果效应.

研究的目的:

研究遗传预测的饮食习惯对各种心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险的因果关系.
利用门德尔的随机化来克服观察性研究在确定饮食-心血管疾病因果关系方面的局限性.
确定特定的饮食成分对心血管疾病结果具有显著的因果关系.

主要方法:

进行了孟德尔随机化 (MR) 分析,使用来自英国生物银行的20种饮食习惯相关的遗传变异.
利用了来自大型联盟的心血管疾病 (CVD) 结局的总结级数据.
采用反变量加权 (IVW) 作为主要方法,使用MR-Egger,加权中位数和MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum和Outlier (MR-PRESSO) 进行灵敏度分析以评估变性和异质性.

主要成果:

发现奶酪消费遗传倾向对心肌梗塞 (OR=0.67) 和心力衰竭 (OR=0.646) 的保护性因果作用.
鉴定了家禽摄入量作为高血压的有害因素 (OR=4.306),而干果摄入量显示出保护作用 (OR=0.473).
证实没有显著的质变性证据,加强了因果推断的有效性.

结论:

核磁共振分析为基因预测的饮食习惯和心血管疾病风险之间的因果关系提供了有力的证据.
特定的饮食模式,如奶酪消费,家禽和干果摄入,对心血管健康有显著的因果关系.
这些发现支持了精心计划的饮食干预措施在预防心血管疾病和降低风险方面的潜力.

关键词:

在CVD中,CVD是非常重要的.饮食习惯饮食习惯在GWAS中,GWAS就是GWAS.门德尔的随机化

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