玉米品种的产量和累计氧化排放的表征,以应对不同的应用率
Firdausi Nur Azizah1, Benito Heru Purwanto1, Keitaro Tawaraya2
1Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia.
Heliyon
|June 29, 2023
概括
繁殖高利用效率 (NUE) 的玉米品种可以提高谷物产量并减少氧化 (N2O) 排放. 这一战略有助于改善农业的粮食安全和环境可持续性.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物育种 植物育种
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 玉米使用效率 (NUE) 通常低于60%,这给粮食安全和环境可持续性带来了挑战.
- 气候变化需要开发高效的玉米品种,以保持生产率并最大限度地减少对环境的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估30种不同的玉米品种在不同 (N) 施肥水平下的产量和二氧化 (N2O) 排放量.
- 根据效率和N2O排放概况对玉米品种进行分类,用于战略繁殖.
主要方法:
- 在两个剂量下测试了30种玉米品种:57.5公斤N ha-1 (N1) 和173公斤N ha-1 (N3).
- 在发芽后的第2周和第4周 (WAG) 在两个相同的部分应用.
- 根据谷物产量和累计的N2O排放,将品种分为高效率 (EE),高N效率 (HNE),低N效率 (LNE) 和低效率-低效率 (NN) 的组.
主要成果:
- 玉米产量与N1以下的芽生物质,N积累和核数正相关;在N3以下的5WAG,NH4+,芽生物质和产量组件下与N2O流量5WAG,NH4+,芽生物质和产量组件正相关.
- 累积的N2O排放与NO3-在N3下和N2O流量在3WAG下在N两级下正相关.
- 与无效无效 (NN) 品种相比,高效-高效 (EE) 品种的谷物产量,N积累,干物质,根体积和土壤NH4+都较高,累积N2O和土壤NO3的含量较低.
结论:
- 选择和育种EE玉米品种是一种可行的策略,可以提高肥的效率,而不会影响玉米的生产.
- 优化能源玉米品种可以显著减少与农业系统中气损失相关的负面环境影响.
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