在推和推能量值以下检查地中海类型餐的宏观营养素充足度
Alan M Preston1, Priscilla K Clayton2
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences, Campus, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
Journal of food science and nutrition research
|June 29, 2023
概括
地中海饮食,以健康益处和减肥而闻名,当卡路里摄入量限制在2000千卡/天以下时,可能不会提供足够的蛋白质. 保持宏观营养素平衡对于这种饮食模式至关重要.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 饮食模式 饮食模式
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 地中海饮食模式在全球范围内因其健康益处而得到认可,包括体重控制.
- 当这种饮食与热量限制相结合时,人们对宏观营养素的充足性存在担忧,这种饮食通常在网上推广.
研究的目的:
- 调查地中海饮食的好处是否在热量限制下得到保留.
- 为了确定在哪些能量摄入水平上,宏观营养素可能低于推的饮食补贴.
主要方法:
- 使用巴塞罗那典型菜单项目创建了一个地中海风格的餐点.
- 使用NDSR软件分析了各种热量水平 (2500,2000,1600,1200,800卡路里/天) 的宏观营养素含量 (碳水化合物,脂肪,蛋白质).
- 根据美国人的饮食指南和已发表的文献,验证了饭菜的真实性.
主要成果:
- 虽然水果,蛋白质和油的摄入量足够,但蔬菜,谷物和乳制品的摄入量与地中海指南相比较少.
- 所有的宏观营养素都达到每天2500和2000千卡的推水平.
- 蛋白质摄入量在每天2000千卡以下的所有水平都不足,尽管脂肪和碳水化合物足够减少到每天1200千卡.
结论:
- 地中海饮食是一种健康的饮食模式,但热量限制可能会损害宏观营养素的充足性.
- 为了保持足够的蛋白质和其他宏观营养素,不应过度减少能量摄入量.
相关概念视频
01:19Energy Balance
462
The human body gets energy from the three macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Energy is released when the chemical bonds in the organic compounds present in the food are broken down. The energy content of food is measured in kilocalories (kcal), defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius. This value is determined by measuring the temperature change of the water surrounding a calorimeter after the complete...
462
01:18Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements
856
Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
856
01:24Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation
1.5K
During the initial hours of fasting, the body uses up its glycogen stores as an energy source. Once these glycogen reserves are depleted, the body begins breaking down stored triglycerides and structural proteins. During this stage, glycerol becomes a key substrate for gluconeogenesis, while free fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to provide energy for tissues, such as skeletal muscle. In the fasting state, the body spares protein breakdown as much as possible to conserve muscle and structural...
1.5K
01:28Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements
519
Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
519
01:28Microbial Nutrition
110
Organisms exhibit remarkable metabolic diversity, categorized based on how they acquire energy and carbon. These strategies enable survival in various ecological niches and are essential for maintaining energy flow and nutrient cycling within ecosystems.Energy and Carbon SourcesOrganisms are classified as phototrophs or chemotrophs based on energy acquisition. Phototrophs use light as their energy source, while chemotrophs rely on oxidizing chemical compounds. Further differentiation arises...
110
01:18Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State
379
The postabsorptive state usually starts about four hours after a meal and lasts until the next meal is eaten. During this time, the digestive system stops absorbing nutrients, and the body uses stored energy reserves to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
379