气候-营养-作物模型:对以谷物为基础的粮食质量的新见解
Xudong Zhang1, Andreas Blennow2, Mario Jekle3
1Institute of Crop Science, Quality of Plant Products, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
|June 29, 2023
概括
矿物营养对谷物产量和质量至关重要. 优化它们的可用性可以提高作物生产和食品质量,特别是在气候变化下,通过影响储存生物聚合物,如蛋白质和粉.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 营养素管理 营养素管理
背景情况:
- 矿物营养对植物生长至关重要,影响产量和质量.
- 当前的农业实践往往优先考虑产量而不是质量,低估了营养素的作用.
- 气候变化通过影响作物生产和质量,对粮食安全构成风险.
研究的目的:
- 研究16种矿物营养素对储存生物聚合物生物合成和积累的影响.
- 了解矿物营养素在确定谷物的物理化学性质和食品质量的作用.
- 开发一种气候营养作物模型,以评估蛋白质和粉在谷物质量中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对16种植物必需矿物营养素进行分层分析.
- 开发一种新的气候-营养-作物模型.
- 营养素对储存蛋白质和粉生物合成,含量和组成的影响的评估.
主要成果:
- 矿物营养素显著影响储存蛋白质的生物合成,含量和组成.
- 营养素优化会影响物理化学特性和食品质量,特别是蛋白质和粉含量.
- 开发的模型强调了气候,营养和作物质量的相互联系.
结论:
- 矿物营养是谷物产量和质量的关键决定因素,影响储存生物聚合物.
- 一个以矿物营养素的附加价值为重点的社会经济战略可以提高农业食品的利能力.
- 优化矿物营养管理是提高农业气候适应性和环境可持续性的关键.
相关概念视频
02:35Key Elements for Plant Nutrition
18.8K
Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
18.8K
01:16What is Climate?
18.7K
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
18.7K
01:57Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
25.8K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
25.8K
02:16Light Acquisition
8.5K
In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
8.5K
02:11The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition
36.2K
Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
36.2K
01:22Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation
49
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
49