两个创始病毒的抗原压力会在单个抗体位置诱导多个插入,从而产生广泛中和的HIV抗体
Collin Joyce1,2,3, Sasha Murrell4, Ben Murrell5,6
1Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America.
PLoS pathogens
|June 29, 2023
概括
开发强大的广泛中和抗体 (bnAbs) 由于独特的抗体特征而具有挑战性. 这项研究揭示了多种艾滋病毒创始病毒的暴露如何引起bnAbs,为未来的疫苗设计提供信息.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 广泛中和抗体 (bnAbs) 对艾滋病毒疫苗开发至关重要,但很难从天真的前体中获得.
- 抗体中的插入和删除 (indels) 等不寻常特征阻碍了bnAbs的成熟.
- 自然艾滋病毒感染研究表明,超级感染可能会增强中和范围.
研究的目的:
- 描述由两个创始病毒引起的强大的bnAb血统 (PC39-1) 的发展.
- 通过了解bnAb开发途径,为HIV疫苗设计提供信息.
- 调查多次病毒暴露在塑造抗体反应中的作用.
主要方法:
- 从精英中和剂中分离和描述针对bnAb系PC39-1的V3-甘氨酸.
- 记忆B细胞表型和抗体分泌细胞区的分析.
- 确定抗体晶体结构以了解表位相互作用.
主要成果:
- PC39-1 bnAb 血统在 CDRH1.1 中具有多个独立插入.
- 中和宽度的发展与病毒重组和进化相关,以逃避抗体血统.
- 抗体晶体结构揭示了一个扩展的CDRH1,稳定了CDRH3.
结论:
- 早期接触多个相关的HIV Env分子可能通过将反应集中在保存的表位上来促进bnAb诱导.
- 了解bnAb发育的结构和免疫因素是有效疫苗策略的关键.
- PC39-1血统提供了了解克服挑战的见解,以获得bnAbs用于预防艾滋病毒.
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