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相关概念视频

Translation in Prokaryotes01:29

Translation in Prokaryotes

48
Prokaryote translation is a complex, highly coordinated process that converts genetic information from mRNA into functional proteins. It involves three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination, each facilitated by specific molecular components.Initiation of TranslationThe process begins with the assembly of the ribosomal subunits and initiation factors on the mRNA. In bacteria, the 30S ribosomal subunit recognizes the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in the mRNA, a conserved region upstream of...
48
Translation01:31

Translation

142.5K
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of...
142.5K
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

5.2K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.2K
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

11.7K
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
11.7K
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

6.5K
6.5K
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

3.6K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.6K

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Updated: Jul 25, 2025

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data
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De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data

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绘制RNA翻译

Rong Fan1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 29, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

一种新方法精确地绘制了细胞和组织中的成千上万个翻译RNA的位置. 这一突破使得人们对基因表达和细胞功能有了更深入的了解.

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Measurement of Specific Mycobacterial Mistranslation Rates with Gain-of-function Reporter Systems
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Measurement of Specific Mycobacterial Mistranslation Rates with Gain-of-function Reporter Systems

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Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment
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Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 25, 2025

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De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data

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Measurement of Specific Mycobacterial Mistranslation Rates with Gain-of-function Reporter Systems
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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学
  • 细胞生物学
  • 基因组学

背景情况:

  • 翻译RNA (转录) 对于蛋白质合成至关重要.
  • 了解翻译RNA的空间分布为细胞功能和调节提供了见解.
  • 目前的方法在映射数千个翻译RNA的位置时存在局限性.

研究的目的:

  • 开发和验证一种用于翻译RNA定位的高通量映射的新方法.
  • 在各种细胞和组织环境中实现翻译RNA分布的可视化.

主要方法:

  • 开发一种新的现场杂交和成像技术.
  • 优化单细胞和组织水平分析的协议.
  • 使用先进的显微镜和计算分析来处理数据.

主要成果:

  • 成功地绘制了成千上万个转换RNA分子的位置.
  • 在不同细胞类型和组织样本中证明了该方法的有效性.
  • 确定了各种翻译RNA的不同本地化模式.

结论:

  • 这种新方法为研究RNA局部化提供了前所未有的分辨率.
  • 这项技术将促进基因表达,细胞生物学和疾病机制的研究.
  • 为未来的分子和空间生物学研究提供了强大的工具.