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相关概念视频

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

402
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
402
Drug Delivery: Overview01:16

Drug Delivery: Overview

326
The selection of a drug's delivery route depends upon its physicochemical properties, including lipid or water solubility and ionization, as well as the therapeutic requirement, such as immediate or sustained effect. These routes can be divided into three primary categories: enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral delivery involves administering drugs directly through swallowing, sublingual placement, or buccal application. Orally administered drugs predominantly navigate the...
326
Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route01:29

Drug Delivery: Parenteral Route

637
The parenteral route is a critical method of drug administration. It delivers compounds directly into the systemic circulation and bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. This approach is particularly advantageous for drugs that exhibit poor absorption or instability when administered orally.
There are three primary parenteral routes: intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM), and subcutaneous (SC). The IV route introduces the drug directly into the bloodstream, ensuring immediate action. The IM route...
637
Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

2.0K
The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
2.0K
Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes01:15

Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes

240
Non-oral extravascular routes, which encompass sublingual, buccal, topical, intramuscular, and inhalation methods, primarily utilize passive diffusion to transport drugs into the systemic circulation. The absorption rates and effectiveness of these routes depend on the drug's physicochemical properties, as well as the patient's anatomical and pathophysiological state.
Lipophilic drugs that are stable at salivary pH (6) and exhibit minimal binding to the oral mucosa are absorbed more...
240
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

573
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
573

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基于生物材料的传递平台用于通过皮肤进行免疫治疗.

Mohammad Dahri1, Nima Beheshtizadeh2, Nasrin Seyedpour3

  • 1Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Computational Biology and Chemistry Group (CBCG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.

Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie
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概括

透皮免疫疗法利用先进的生物材料和设备,如纳米粒子和微针,用于治疗各种疾病. 本综述探讨了有效调节免疫系统的策略,材料和应用.

关键词:
生物材料是一种生物材料.微针微针的使用方法透增强剂是一种透增强剂.皮肤上的皮肤贴片.通过皮肤进行免疫疗法.

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科学领域:

  • 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学

背景情况:

  • 免疫疗法是通过调节免疫系统功能来治疗各种疾病的关键治疗方式.
  • 许多研究探讨了使用各种生物材料和载体的多种免疫疗法方法,包括纳米粒子 (NP) 和微针 (MN).

研究的目的:

  • 审查当前的免疫疗法策略,生物材料,设备和向疾病.
  • 突出通过皮肤输送系统及其在免疫治疗中的应用.

主要方法:

  • 关于通过皮肤免疫治疗的科学文献的综述.
  • 讨论各种生物材料 (例如NP,基于囊泡的NP) 和设备 (例如MN).
  • 通过皮肤治疗方法的分析,包括半固体,皮肤贴片和透增强剂.

主要成果:

  • 微针经常用于治疗癌症,传染病和自身免疫性疾病的透皮免疫疗法.
  • 生物材料的特性和对外部刺激 (例如,磁性,照片,pH) 的反应性各不相同.
  • 基于囊泡的纳米粒子,如阴体,转移体和外体,是通过皮肤传递的关键组成部分.
  • 透皮免疫疗法疫苗显示出感染性疾病 (例如埃博拉,COVID-19) 和其他疾病的潜力.

结论:

  • 透皮免疫疗法通过利用创新的生物材料和输送系统,为疾病治疗提供了一个有前途的途径.
  • 微针和纳米颗粒是推进透皮免疫疗法策略的关键技术.
  • 该审查强调了透皮免疫疗法在瘤学,传染病和自身免疫性疾病中的广泛适用性.