西在治疗抑郁症中的潜在机制:系统性审查
Harrison J Lee1, Vivian Wl Tsang1, Brandon S Chai2
1Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Journal of psychoactive drugs
|June 29, 2023
概括
西显示出抗抑郁药的潜力,但其确切的机制尚不清楚. 这篇评论强调了它对大脑活动,受体功能和突触生成的影响,表明需要对其治疗途径进行进一步研究.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 西显示出对抑郁症的治疗潜力.
- 人们对西抗抑郁作用背后的确切机制仍然不太了解.
- 现有的研究表明,关于psilocybin如何缓解抑郁症状,缺乏共识.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合目前关于 псилоцибин抗抑郁作用神经生物学机制的证据.
- 为了确定关键的大脑途径,受体和细胞过程,涉及到西宾的治疗效果.
- 突出共识领域,并确定现有文献中的差距.
主要方法:
- 在欧维德的MEDLINE,EMBASE,psychINFO和Web of Science数据库中进行系统的文献搜索 (2021年9月).
- 包括人类和动物研究调查psilocybin对情绪障碍的影响,不包括其他精神病诊断.
- 遵守研究选和选择的PRISMA指南,并进行双重审查和冲突解决.
主要成果:
- 包括十四篇文章,其中六篇文章对血清素/谷氨酸受体活性产生支持作用,三篇文章指出增加了协同生成.
- 13项研究检查了非受体或特定途径的大脑活动的变化,其中5项报告了功能连接或神经传输 (海马体,前额叶皮层) 的改变.
- 有证据表明,psilocybin会改变杏仁体和前额叶皮质的血液流动,但关于功能连接和特定受体活性的数据很少.
结论:
- 西的抗抑郁作用可能涉及多个神经生物学途径,包括受体活性,突触生成和改变的大脑连接.
- 前额叶皮和海马体似乎是受psilocybin影响的关键大脑区域.
- 进一步的研究至关重要,以建立一个明确的了解西作为抗抑郁药的作用机制.
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