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打开一只虫:对共感染促进假设的测试

Maria L Rodgers^1,2, Daniel I Bolnick³

¹Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA. mlrodge2@ncsu.edu.

|June 29, 2023

概括

在鱼中发生的固体杆菌感染可以增加其他寄生虫的丰富性. 然而,当宿主免疫力强大时,这种效应会逆转,这表明寄生虫与宿主之间存在复杂的相互作用.

科学领域:

生态生态学生态生态学
寄生虫学的寄生虫学
进化生物学进化生物学

背景情况:

寄生虫感染很普遍,在全球范围内影响了许多物种.
共感染,涉及多种寄生虫在一个宿主中的物种,是常见的,可以导致复杂的相互作用.
众所周知,像Schistocephalus solidus这样的虫抑制宿主免疫力,可能有助于其他寄生虫,但宿主免疫反应可能会进化.

研究的目的:

为了测试这种假设,Schistocephalus solidus感染促进了其他寄生虫的共感染三脊.
研究宿主免疫如何影响Schistocephalus solidus和其他共感染寄生虫之间的相互作用.

主要方法:

分析了20个种群中野生捕获的三脊鱼 (Gasterosteus aculeatus) 的分析,这些种群的Schistocephalus solidus发病率各不相同.
感染Schistocephalus solidus和没有感染Schistocephalus solidus的鱼之间寄生虫丰富性的比较.
鉴于宿主免疫力,检查Schistocephalus solidus感染强度/成功与其他寄生虫的存在之间的关系.

主要成果:

感染了Schistocephalus solidus的鱼与未感染个体相比,其他寄生虫的丰富性高出18.6%.
寄生虫促进效应在Schistocephalus solidus高度流行和成功的地区更为明显.
在Schistocephalus solidus感染较弱的地区 (表明宿主免疫力更强),促进趋势反转,表明抑制.

结论:

固体脑炎感染可以促进其他寄生虫的共感染,但这种效应取决于环境.
宿主-寄生虫共同进化的地理变化创造了寄生虫相互作用的马赛克,从促进到抑制.
主体免疫反应在调节共感染的结果方面发挥着至关重要的作用.

关键词:

胃骨类是胃骨类的一个组成部分.石头脑分裂症 (Schistocephalus) 是一个硬币感染硬币感染便利化促进便利化间接相互作用间接相互作用.

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