PPAD:一个深度学习架构来预测阿尔茨海默病的进展
Mohammad Al Olaimat1, Jared Martinez1, Fahad Saeed2
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States.
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
|June 30, 2023
概括
预测阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 从轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的进展至关重要. 新的深度学习模型,PPAD和PPAD-Autoencoder,使用电子健康记录有效预测AD转换,优于现有方法.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种进展性神经退行性疾病,影响全球数百万人.
- 轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 是一个过渡阶段;并非所有患有MCI的人都会发展为AD.
- 目前的阿尔茨海默病诊断是在显著的痴呆症状出现后发生的,由于疾病的不可逆转性质,这构成了负担.
研究的目的:
- 开发先进的深度学习模型,用于早期预测MCI患者的AD转化.
- 为了应对电子健康记录 (EHR) 数据中不规则时间间隔的挑战,用于时间序列分析.
- 为了能够在下一次临床访问和未来的多次访问中预测AD转化.
主要方法:
- 提出了两种基于循环神经网络 (RNN) 的深度学习架构:预测阿尔茨海默病的进展 (PPAD) 和PPAD-Autoencoder.
- 在每次访问时使用年龄作为一个时间特征,以减轻EHR数据中不规则时间间隔的影响.
- 对阿尔茨海默病神经成像计划 (ADNI) 和国家阿尔茨海默病协调中心 (NACC) 数据集的评估模型.
主要成果:
- 拟议的PPAD和PPAD-Autoencoder模型在各种预测场景中,与基线模型相比,表现优越.
- 关键的绩效指标包括F2分数和灵敏度,在这些方面,模型显示出显著的改善.
- 将年龄作为一个特征被确定为解决电子健康记录数据中不规则时间间隔问题的关键.
结论:
- 开发的深度学习模型 (PPAD和PPAD-Autoencoder) 为MCI患者早期预测阿尔茨海默病进展提供了一个有希望的方法.
- 将年龄作为时间指标有效地处理电子病历数据中的不规则时间间隔,这是临床时间序列分析的一个常见挑战.
- 这些发现凸显了人工智能驱动工具在改善阿尔茨海默病早期诊断和管理方面的潜力.
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