智力障碍者中自我伤害和精神障碍的流行程度
Eva Flygare Wallén1,2,3, Gunnar Ljunggren2,3, Lars Wahlström4
1Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
Nordic journal of psychiatry
|June 30, 2023
概括
没有唐氏综合征 (DS) 的智力障碍 (ID) 个体有更高的心理健康障碍和自我伤害率. 同时出现的自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 或注意力缺陷多动症障碍 (ADHD) 并没有显著改变ID人群中的这些风险.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 精神健康障碍在智力障碍 (ID) 患者中很常见.
- 有限的研究存在于自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 或注意力缺陷多动症障碍 (ADHD) 对这一群体心理健康的影响.
- 了解这些并发症对于有效的医疗保健策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查ID个体中精神健康障碍的患病率.
- 检查ID个体中自我伤害的医疗保健访问.
- 评估同时出现的ASD或ADHD对这些结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了斯德哥尔摩地区 (2007-2017) 的行政医疗保健数据.
- 对比患有唐氏综合征 (DS) 和没有DS的ID (IDnonDS) 个人与一般人群.
- 分析了心理健康障碍和自我伤害的诊断,考虑到人口和社会经济因素.
主要成果:
- 与一般人群相比,IDnonDS患者的心理健康障碍和自我伤害几率明显高.
- 在DS患者中没有记录过自我伤害的案例.
- 焦虑和情感障碍在ID (包括DS) 与ASD或ADHD同时发生的个体中更为普遍.
- 较高的社区社会经济地位与较低的精神健康障碍和自我伤害发生率相关.
结论:
- 在IDnonDS患者中,自我伤害和精神病并发症很普遍.
- 同时的ASD或ADHD显示这些风险的差异减弱,需要临床关注.
- 这些发现凸显了针对ID患者提供有针对性的心理健康支持的需要.
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