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预防食物过敏:2023年我们在哪里?
Carina Venter1, Peter K Smith2,3, David M Fleischer1
1Section of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
Asia Pacific allergy
|June 30, 2023
概括
建议在婴儿的饮食中早期引入像花生和蛋这样的过敏性食物,以预防食物过敏. 目前的证据不支持排除母亲的饮食或特殊的婴儿配方来预防儿童食物过敏.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 预防食物过敏的策略包括怀孕/哺乳期的孕产妇饮食,早期养和固体食物的引入.
- 目前的建议不建议母亲排除过敏原,但积极消费的证据有限.
- 哺乳提供健康益处,但缺乏与儿童食物过敏减少的证实关联.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关食品过敏预防策略的当前建议和证据.
- 为了澄清母亲饮食,婴儿养习惯和预防食物过敏的特定配方的作用.
- 确定需要进一步研究的领域,例如西方饮食和微量营养素的影响.
主要方法:
- 审查现有文献和随机对照试验关于预防食物过敏.
- 对有关母亲饮食,母乳养,婴儿配方奶粉和固体食品的推进行分析.
- 考虑与食物过敏发展有关的饮食模式和微量营养素摄入量.
主要成果:
- 没有推排除孕产妇的过敏原;缺乏关于预防活动消费的数据.
- 哺乳与儿童食物过敏的减少无关.
- 根据随机对照试验,建议早期引入和持续食用花生和蛋;推迟其他过敏原是不必要的.
结论:
- 建议在婴儿期早期积极引入过敏性食物,特别是花生和蛋.
- 目前,母亲的饮食和母乳养在预防食物过敏方面没有确立的作用.
- 需要进一步研究西方饮食,高级糖化终端产品,维生素D和欧米茄-3脂肪酸对预防食物过敏的影响.
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