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[玛约特,终于是一个无疟疾岛?]

Jean-François Lepère¹, Louis Collet², Ambdoul-Bar Idaroussi³

¹Centre médical de référence de Dzoumogné, Centre hospitalier de Mayotte, BP 04, 97600 Mamoudzou, France.

Medecine tropicale et sante internationale

|June 30, 2023

概括

由于自2001年以来实施的控制策略,马约特的疟疾传播已被消除. 然而,由于从邻国进口的病例,重新引入的风险仍然存在,因此需要制定预防计划.

科学领域:

热带医学是一种热带医学.
流行病学流行病学
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

疟疾主要是由Plasmodium falciparum引起的,在迈奥特岛是特有病,构成了严重的公共卫生挑战.
自2001年以来,在迈奥特建立了控制和消除战略,旨在打击这种疾病.

研究的目的:

分析2002年至2021年在迈奥特岛疟疾发病率和传播的趋势.
评估控制措施对消除疟疾的影响.
调查最近疟疾病例的起源和重新引入的风险.

主要方法:

从2002年到2021年对疟疾病例数据 (本土和进口) 的回顾性分析.
监测年度发病率和人口层面的疾病负担.
从2017年到2020年对Plasmodium falciparum菌株的基因型分析,以确定病例起源.

主要成果:

本土疟疾病例从2002年的每1000例10.3例大幅下降到2020年的每1000例0.01例以下.
到2021年,本土疟疾传播被认为已被消除,没有报告当地获得的病例.
基因型分析证实,最近引入的罕见病例主要与从科摩罗群岛进口的病例有关.

结论:

马约特岛成功消除了疟疾本地传播.
该岛仍然容易受到疟疾重新引入的威胁,原因是来自邻近特有地区的进口病例.
地方预防计划和区域合作对于保持无疟疾状态至关重要.

关键词:

科莫罗斯科莫罗斯科莫罗斯印度洋印度洋的印度洋.疟疾,消除疟疾,消除迈奥特岛是一个原菌 (Plasmodium falciparum) 是一种有毒的病毒.

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