在军事部署后开发和验证创伤后应激障碍的机器学习预测模型
Santiago Papini1,2, Sonya B Norman1,3,4, Laura Campbell-Sills1
1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla.
JAMA network open
|June 30, 2023
概括
机器学习准确地预测了部署前士兵的创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 风险. 这使得有针对性的干预措施能够增强性并减轻与战斗有关的创伤的影响.
科学领域:
- 军事医学 军事医学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
背景情况:
- 军事部署对创伤暴露构成重大风险,可能导致创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD).
- 早期识别患有PTSD高风险的士兵对于开发有效的有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
- 预测模型可以提高弹性,并为预部署选协议提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证一种机器学习 (ML) 模型,用于预测部署后PTSD风险.
- 确定在士兵中PTSD的关键预部署预测因素.
- 评估预部署PTSD风险分层的可行性.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及4771名美国陆军士兵的诊断/预后研究,进行了部署前和部署后评估.
- 使用多达801个预部署自我报告预测器开发ML模型.
- 在一个独立的队列中验证最佳ML模型 (梯度提升机),使用接收器操作特征曲线下的区域和预期的校准误差.
主要成果:
- 开发的ML模型在独立验证队列中显示出良好的预测性能 (曲线下面面积=0.74).
- 一台带有58个核心预测器的梯度增强机器被选为最佳模型.
- 被确定为高风险的前三分之一的参与者占PTSD病例的62.4%,突出显示了该模型对有针对性的干预措施的潜力.
结论:
- 使用机器学习模型,可以预测士兵的PTSD风险.
- 开发的ML模型可以根据士兵在部署后患PTSD的风险有效地分层士兵.
- 这些发现支持实施有针对性的预防和早期干预策略,以减轻军事人员的PTSD.
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