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Washing, Drying, and Ignition of Precipitates00:52

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After filtration, the precipitate is washed to remove coprecipitated impurities and any remaining mother liquor. Colloidal precipitates, such as silver chloride, are washed with an electrolyte (such as dilute nitric acid) to prevent the peptization of the precipitate. In the case of slightly soluble precipitates, the wash solution contains a common ion to reduce solubility. Lead sulfate, which is slightly soluble in water, is washed with dilute sulfuric acid. Similarly, wash solutions may be...
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Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control01:16

Precipitate Formation and Particle Size Control

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In precipitation gravimetry, the precipitating agent should react specifically or selectively with the analyte. While a specific reagent reacts with the analyte alone, a selective reagent can react with a limited number of chemical species.
The obtained precipitate should be either a pure substance of known composition or easily converted to one by a simple process, such as ignition or drying. In addition, the precipitate should be insoluble and easily filterable. In general, filterability...
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从干燥带有颗粒的液滴中产生的三维沉积物

Beihan Zhao1, Vishal Sankar Sivasankar1, Swarup Kumar Subudhi1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland20742, United States.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
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这项研究展示了从蒸发滴中产生的三维 (3D) 颗粒沉积,超出了典型的二维图案. 这种新的蒸发介导过程使用较小的粒子,如银纳米粒子和碳纳米管,创建3D结构.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 流体动力学 流体动力学
  • 纳米技术 纳米技术

背景情况:

  • 干燥滴中的颗粒沉积通常形成2D图案 (例如,咖啡环).
  • 现有的方法仅限于平面沉积,限制了制造可能性.
  • 了解蒸发驱动的现象对于先进的材料组装至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了展示和描述蒸发滴中的三维 (3D) 颗粒沉积.
  • 为了研究粒子大小对3D腔中的沉积模式的影响.
  • 探索这种现象在新的3D制造和图案设计中的潜力.

主要方法:

  • 将带有颗粒的液滴引入未经固化的聚甲基素 (PDMS) 薄膜中.
  • 允许部分暴露在空气中以蒸发和随后的PDMS固化.
  • 使用不同颗粒大小分析沉积模式:咖啡颗粒,银纳米颗粒 (NP) 和碳纳米管 (CNT).

主要成果:

  • 较大的咖啡颗粒形成了二维环状沉积物.
  • 较小的白银NP和CNT形成了跨越x,y和z维度的3D沉积物.
  • 三维沉积范围与滴水的平面尺寸相当,明显超过典型的二维沉积厚度.

结论:

  • 以蒸发为媒介的过程可以产生跨越三维的粒子沉积物.
  • 颗粒大小极大地影响二维或三维沉积是否发生.
  • 这一发现为自组装驱动的3D制造,图案和涂层提供了新的可能性.