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在英格兰一个中等规模的沿海小镇,自闭症的趋势

Benjamin G Fleet¹, Alicia Elliott², Margaret Orwin²

¹Faculty of Health and Medicine, Medicine and Surgery MBChB Student at Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom.

|June 30, 2023

概括

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 诊断在过去二十年里在弗利特伍德增加了,反映了英国的趋势. 自闭症病例的增加可能与提高认识有关,随着时间的推移,性别差异变得不那么明显.

科学领域:

神经发育障碍神经发育障碍
公共卫生流行病学
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 研究研究

背景情况:

自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 影响全球近1%的人口.
了解诊断趋势对于资源分配和支持服务至关重要.
之前的研究表明,自闭症患病率和诊断率存在差异.

研究的目的:

调查一个特定的英国沿海社区内自闭症诊断的时间趋势.
分析20多年来年龄和性别对ASD诊断率的影响.
将当地诊断趋势与英国的国家模式进行比较.

主要方法:

来自弗利特伍德GP实践的ASD诊断数据的回顾性分析 (1952年7月 - 2022年3月).
计算自闭症发病率和流行率.
应用Poisson回归建模来评估年龄,性别和时间对诊断的影响.

主要成果:

在过去的二十年中,人们观察到ASD诊断的显著上升趋势.
当考虑时间趋势时,自闭症诊断中的性别差异似乎不那么明显.
弗利特伍德的诊断趋势与英国各地观察到的更广泛的增加一致.

结论:

提高认识可能是导致自闭症诊断增加和明显性别差异潜在减少的一个因素.
需要对更大的样本进行进一步的研究,以确认与性别相关的发现,并确定时间趋势的决定因素.
该研究强调了针对神经发育疾病的持续流行病学监测的重要性.

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