一项关于中国人口城市化与土地城市化不匹配的区域比较研究
1School of Marxism, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, le.
PloS one
|June 30, 2023
概括
中国中国中国中国.
科学领域:
- 城市研究 城市研究
- 区域科学 地区科学
- 经济地理 经济地理
背景情况:
- 中国快速的城市化导致了人口增长和土地开发之间的巨大差异.
- 自20世纪80年代中期以来,向以市场为导向的土地销售的过渡影响了城市化模式.
- 了解城市化失衡的空间和时间动态对于可持续发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从2005年到2019年,测量和分析中国31个省份人口城市化和土地城市化之间的不平衡.
- 确定这种城市化失衡的时间和空间特征.
- 探索观察到的差异的根本原因.
主要方法:
- 利用了2005-2019年城市人口和建筑区的省级数据.
- 采用分散系数模型来量化人口和土地城市化.
- 可视化和分析不平衡的水平和类型,包括区域和时间变化.
主要成果:
- 在中国,人口和土地城市化之间存在显著的不平衡,特别是在国有土地市场化之后.
- 不平衡显示出明显的区域差异,从中部地区增加到西部地区.
- 大多数省份 (共31个省份中的29个) 与土地开发相比,人口城市化滞后,北京和河北是例外.
结论:
- 中国的城市化进程的特点是人口增长和土地扩张的明显脱.
- 双重家庭登记 (hukou) 制度,双重土地制度和不对称的财政制度是这种不平衡的关键驱动因素.
- 解决这些系统性问题对于实现中国平衡和可持续的城市发展至关重要.
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