自闭症谱系障碍儿童在听觉视觉环境中的语音感知神经和行为差异
Julia Irwin1,2, Vanessa Harwood3, Daniel Kleinman2
1Department of Psychology, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven.
概括
与神经类型的同龄人相比,患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童在视觉语言感知方面表现出差异. 他们的大脑以不同的方式处理视听语言,影响语言的发展.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语音和听力科学 语言和听力科学
背景情况:
- 视觉发音信息减少可能导致自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的语言缺陷.
- 了解视听语音感知对于识别ASD的神经差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查ASD儿童和神经类型 (TD) 儿童之间视觉语言感知方面的行为和神经差异.
- 评估可见的发音信息对语音感知的影响,使用视听语音修复范式.
主要方法:
- 视听 (AV) 语音修复范式被用于6-13岁的儿童与ASD (n=17) 和TD同龄人 (n=33).
- 刺激包括 /ba/-/a/和 /ba/-/pa/对比,呈现出完全可见的面部 (AV) 或像素化面部 (PX),掩盖了关节细节.
- 记录了行为反应 (按下按) 和与事件相关的潜力 (ERP).
主要成果:
- 在像素化 (PX) 条件下,TD儿童在区分语音对比方面比ASD儿童更准确.
- 事件相关潜力 (ERP) 显示出差异,自闭症儿童在AV和PX条件下对 /ba/-/pa/对比度表现出较早的P300反应.
结论:
- 与视听环境中的TD同龄人相比,患有ASD的儿童表现出不同的语音处理神经机制.
- 这些发现突出了ASD儿童如何整合视觉和听觉语音信息的差异.
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