甘氨酸识别受体的快速进化揭示了超出正规蛋白质-蛋白质接口的宿主-微生物军备竞赛的轴
Zoë A Hilbert1,2, Paige E Haffener1, Hannah J Young1,2
1Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Genome biology and evolution
|June 30, 2023
概括
检测微生物碳水化合物的哺乳动物免疫受体表现出快速的进化,这表明宿主-病原体冲突在蛋白质相互作用之外发挥了更广泛的作用. 这种进化是对抗真菌病原体的关键.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物的免疫蛋白检测到微生物分子,如蛋白质,核酸和碳水化合物.
- 病原体迅速进化,逃避检测并驱动宿主免疫蛋白适应.
- 以前的研究集中在蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用上,忽视了其他分子接口和真菌病原体.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究哺乳动物免疫受体中识别微生物碳水化合物的进化特征.
- 探索宿主-病原体冲突在甘氨酸结合免疫蛋白的进化中的作用.
- 识别新的宿主-病原体相互作用接口,特别是关于真菌病原体.
主要方法:
- 哺乳动物免疫受体基因的比较进化分析.
- 在参与碳水化合物识别的基因中识别积极选择特征.
- 检查特定的基因,如MelLec和CLEC12A的进化模式.
主要成果:
- 在检测微生物甘氨酸的哺乳动物免疫受体中出现反复的阳性选择的证据.
- 快速发展的网站集中在碳水化合物识别领域.
- 在MelLec观察到的融合进化和平衡选择,对于控制真菌病至关重要.
- CLEC12A在哺乳动物血统中表现出强烈的正选择,这表明了以前未知的冲突界面.
结论:
- 宿主免疫蛋白识别微生物碳水化合物处于强大的选择性压力之下.
- 进化分析揭示了宿主-微生物冲突延伸到甘氨酸识别和真菌病原体.
- 这些发现强调了研究宿主-病原体共进化的重要性,超越了蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用.
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