评估沿海脆弱性使用综合模糊分析层次过程和地理空间技术,以有效地管理沿海地区
Shahriar Hasnat Akash1, Showmitra Kumar Sarkar1, Ahmed Ali Bindajam2
1Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh.
概括
孟加拉国沿海地区面临着严重的气候变化风险. 一项使用模糊分析层次过程 (FAHP) 的研究发现,三分之一的沿海地区存在高度的身体和社会脆弱性,突出了迫切需要适应策略的需求.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
- 地理信息系统 地理信息系统
背景情况:
- 全球沿海地区越来越容易受到气候变化的影响,如洪水和风暴浪潮.
- 孟加拉国低的沿海地区特别容易受到影响,需要进行全面的脆弱性评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估孟加拉国整个沿海地区对气候变化的物理和社会脆弱性.
- 使用模糊分析层次过程 (FAHP) 开发一个强大的沿海脆弱性模型 (CVM).
主要方法:
- 采用模糊分析层次流程 (FAHP) 进行多标准决策.
- 利用10个关键因素来评估沿海脆弱性模型 (CVM).
- 开发了一个具有验证模型 (AUC = 0.875) 的空间沿海脆弱性地图.
主要成果:
- 孟加拉国大约三分之一 (13,000平方公里) 的沿海地区表现出高至非常高的脆弱性.
- 中部三角洲地区 (Barguna,Bhola,Noakhali,Patuakhali,Pirojpur) 显示出高度的身体脆弱性.
- 南部沿海地区表现出显著的社会脆弱性,帕图哈利,博拉,巴尔古纳,萨特希拉和巴格哈特特别面临风险.
结论:
- 基于FAHP的CVM有效地模拟了孟加拉国的沿海脆弱性.
- 确定了物理和社会风险因素,为有针对性的气候变化适应政策提供了基础.
- 积极的措施对于保护沿海社区免受不断升级的气候变化威胁至关重要.
相关概念视频
Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response
114
Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is essential for risk identification, action prioritization, and resource optimization in critical situations like flooding and earthquakes. By integrating spatial and demographic data, GIS provides a comprehensive framework for emergency response.GIS integrates data layers, like rainfall intensity, topography, elevation profiles, and river levels, to model high-risk flood zones. These layers assess areas susceptible to flooding based on their...
114
Manipulation and Analysis
44
GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
44
Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
72
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
72
Levels of Use of a GIS
72
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) operate across three levels of application, each representing an increasing degree of complexity: data management, analysis, and prediction. These levels reflect the expanding functionality and versatility of GIS technology in handling spatial data for diverse purposes.Data ManagementAt its foundational level, GIS serves as a tool for data management, enabling the input, storage, retrieval, and organization of spatial data. This level is often employed in...
72
Introduction to GIS
102
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are tools for storing, analyzing, and displaying spatial data alongside related attributes. Unlike traditional information systems that address general queries, GIS incorporates spatial components, enabling users to answer "where" and "how far." For example, GIS can process housing data linked to geographic locations like zip codes, allowing insights into population density or housing distribution through thematic maps.GIS integrates technologies such as...
102
Selected Data About Geographic Locations
49
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) rely on two core types of data: spatial data and attribute data.Spatial DataSpatial data defines the physical location of features within a coordinate system, typically expressed in terms of latitude and longitude. It provides precise positioning for elements like roads, rivers, or buildings.Attribute DataAttribute data complements spatial data by adding descriptive information about these features. For example, a road's spatial data includes its start and...
49


