针对心脏移植后中等风险 (R+) CMV 患者的普遍预防与预防性治疗的多中心研究
Joseph B Lerman1,2, Cynthia L Green2,3, Maria R Molina4
1Division of Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Clinical transplantation
|July 1, 2023
概括
在心脏移植 (HT) 接受者中,预防性治疗 (PET) 细胞巨乳病毒 (CMV) 暴露于CMV增加了CMV感染和住院的风险. 全方位预防 (UP) 可能在这些中等风险患者中提供更好的移植结果.
科学领域:
- 移植免疫学 移植免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
背景情况:
- 细胞巨乳病毒 (CMV) 暴露 (CMV R+) 将心脏移植 (HT) 受体置于并发症的中间风险中.
- 目前的指导方针为这些患者的CMV预防提供通用预防 (UP) 或预防性治疗 (PET).
- 对于CMV R+HT接收者来说,最佳的CMV预防策略仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较预防性治疗 (PET) 与全方位预防 (UP) 在预防CMV R+心脏移植受体中CMV相关并发症的有效性.
- 评估PET与UP对CMVDNAemia,末端器官疾病和CMV相关住院治疗的影响.
- 评估PET与UP与急性细胞排斥,移植存活和其他不良事件的关联.
主要方法:
- 对来自美国六个中心的563名CMV R+心脏移植接受者的回顾性分析 (2010-2018).
- 主要结局:发展CMVDNAemia或需要抗CMV治疗的末端器官疾病.
- 二次结局:与CMV相关的住院治疗,急性细胞排斥 (ACR) ≥2R级,死亡,心脏全移植血管病变 (CAV) 和白血病.
主要成果:
- 与普遍预防 (UP) 相比,预防性治疗 (PET) 与初级结局 (调整HR 3.95) 和二次结局 (调整HR 3.19) 的风险显著增加.
- 接受PET治疗的人患急性细胞排斥 (ACR) ≥2R级的比率更高 (59.4%与34.4%相比).
- 一年内可检测到的心脏异体移植血管病变 (CAV) 的发生率在各组之间相似,而UP与移植后6个月内白血病增加有关.
结论:
- 中等风险心脏移植接受者的CMV预防性治疗 (PET) 与CMV感染和相关住院的风险更高有关.
- 与普遍预防 (UP) 相比,PET的使用可能与移植后移植结果较差有关.
- 全方位预防 (UP) 可能是一个更有效的策略来管理CMV在CMV R+心脏移植接受者,潜在地改善移植结果.
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