急性疼痛和阿片类药物使用障碍的发展:患者的危险因素
Livia Baumann1,2, Corina Bello3, Filipovic Mark Georg3
1Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland.
Current pain and headache reports
|July 1, 2023
概括
在急性疼痛管理中,确定阿片类药物滥用患者风险因素至关重要. 策略包括个性化计划,短期处方,以及对抗阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 的监测.
科学领域:
- 疼痛管理 疼痛管理
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 对急性疼痛的药理疗法存在严重的阿片类药物滥用风险.
- 在全球范围内,阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 已达到流行病的程度.
- 最近的研究重点是确定患者特异性OUD在急性疼痛环境中的风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 审查最新的关于患者在急性疼痛治疗期间滥用阿片类药物的风险因素的研究.
- 突出新发现和基于证据的战略,以减少OUD的流行.
- 为医疗保健提供者提供管理急性疼痛和减轻OUD风险的指导.
主要方法:
- 本综述综合了最近关于OUD与急性疼痛管理相关的患者风险因素的文献.
- 它检查了既定的风险因素和新出现的挑战,包括COVID-19的影响.
- 该审查强调基于证据的降低风险和个性化疼痛管理策略.
主要成果:
- 众所周知的OUD风险因素包括年轻的年龄,男性性别,较低的社会经济地位,白人种族,精神疾病并发症和先前的物质使用.
- 随着COVID-19的流行,阿片类药物危机通过增加的压力,失业,孤独和抑郁症而加剧.
- 有效的策略包括评估个人风险因素和偏好,考虑短期阿片类药物处方,并密切监测患者.
- 综合非阿片类止痛药和区域麻醉,以实现多式联络,个性化计划至关重要.
- 应避免为急性疼痛常规处方长效阿片类药物,并制定明确的监测和戒断计划.
结论:
- 个性化疼痛管理策略对于减轻阿片类药物滥用风险至关重要.
- 医疗保健提供者必须在为急性疼痛开处方阿片类药物时仔细评估患者的风险因素和偏好.
- 结合非阿片类止痛药和密切监测的多模式方法是减少阿片类药物使用障碍患病率的关键.
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