评估气候变化对痴呆风险和负担的影响的框架
Megan Zuelsdorff1,2, Vijay S Limaye3
1School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
The Gerontologist
|July 1, 2023
概括
气候变化通过环境和社会途径加剧了阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 的风险. 了解这些影响对于开发有效的预防和缓解认知衰老策略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 构成了重大的公共卫生挑战,人们越来越担心气候变化加剧了这种负担.
- 现有的痴呆症风险因素与社会和环境条件有关,这些条件越来越受到气候变化的影响.
- 气候变化对认知衰老和ADRD发病率的具体影响仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 阐明气候变化影响ADRD发生率和经验的机制.
- 在气候变化背景下提出一个全面的框架,以加强与认知健康相关的研究,临床实践和政策.
- 突出影响大脑健康和痴呆症负担的直接和间接风险途径.
主要方法:
- 审查和综合现有关于气候变化对健康影响的文献.
- 直接影响 (如空气污染,极端温度) 和间接途径 (如社会,行为,生物医学系统) 的识别.
- 分析气候加剧的风险如何不成比例地影响弱势群体,并加剧现有的健康差异.
主要成果:
- 气候变化通过直接途径影响ADRD,例如空气污染影响大脑健康和间接途径,包括由于极端天气而导致的健康行为 (体力活动,睡眠) 的损害.
- 与气候相关的健康冲击增加了护理负担,并增加了痴呆症患者及其家人的经济/情感损失.
- 气候风险和适应资源的不公平分配加剧了ADRD发病率,并发症和护理需求的差异.
结论:
- 一个机制框架对于指导研究,临床干预和政策制定至关重要,以解决气候变化对ADRD的影响.
- 翻译性研究,特别是专注于服务不足的社区,对于有效的预防和缓解至关重要.
- 需要积极的战略来保护认知健康,并减少ADRD的负担在一个不断变化的气候.
相关概念视频
01:30Dementia
141
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
141
01:16What is Climate?
18.7K
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
18.7K
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
527
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
527
01:50Global Climate Change
24.5K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.5K
01:25Strategies for Assessing and Addressing Confounding
121
Confounding is a critical issue in epidemiological studies, often leading to misleading conclusions about associations between exposures and outcomes. It occurs when the relationship between the exposure and the outcome is mixed with the effects of other factors that influence the outcome. Given that, addressing confounding is of high importance for drawing accurate inferences in research.
Confounding can be addressed at both the design phase of a study and through analytical methods after data...
Confounding can be addressed at both the design phase of a study and through analytical methods after data...
121
01:22Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment
220
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
220