一次访问狂犬病暴露前预防:文献综述
Benjamin Damanet1, Diana Isabela Costescu Strachinaru2, Alain Levêque3
1School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance, Brussels, Belgium.
Travel medicine and infectious disease
|July 2, 2023
概括
对于健康个体来说,一次性狂犬病暴露前预防 (PrEP) 计划似乎足够,前提是给予暴露后预防 (PEP) 助推剂. 这可能会改善疫苗的可用性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 目前世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的指导方针建议进行两次狂犬病暴露前预防 (PrEP) 计划.
- 新兴研究表明,单次访问PrEP计划可能足够激发免疫反应.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合已发表的关于单次狂犬病预备治疗疗法的有效性数据.
- 为了确定单次访问PrEP是否达到足够的抗体水平,暴露后预防 (PEP).
主要方法:
- 对PubMed数据库 (2003-2022) 进行了全面的文献审查.
- 通过对选定的文章和世卫组织出版物的文献搜索,确定了额外的参考文献.
- 主要结局是PEP后一周的血清转化 (抗体水平≥0.5 IU/mL).
主要成果:
- 包括11项涉及935名受试者的研究.
- 在接受模拟PEP的696名受试者中,有408人获得了第7天的血清学结果.
- 在PEP后观察到高血清转化率 (99.51%),不管是PEP-PEP时间或PEP计划.
结论:
- 单次访问狂犬病PrEP,随后是PEP,在健康的,非免疫功能低下的个体中似乎是有效的.
- 需要在现实环境和不同年龄段进行进一步的研究.
- 这种方法可以提高疫苗的可用性和易受伤害的群体的PrEP可用性.
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