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美国各州对性别确认手术的医疗补助覆盖范围的变化
Catherine A Wu1, Isabella Ho2, Alexandra Minasian3
1Department of Plastic Surgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA.
Annals of surgery
|July 3, 2023
概括
医疗补助计划对性别确认手术的覆盖范围因州而异,有30个州和华盛顿特区提供一些覆盖范围. 在有明确保护和民主政治倾向的州,更多的程序被覆盖.
科学领域:
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 医学经济学 医学经济学
- 健康的社会经济决定因素
背景情况:
- 美国各州对性别确认手术的医疗补助覆盖范围是不一致的.
- 联邦禁止性别认同歧视的法律已经存在,但各州的政策有很大差异.
- 缺乏统一的覆盖率会给患者和医疗保健提供者带来混乱.
研究的目的:
- 绘制全国范围内的性别确认手术的医疗补助覆盖范围的现状.
- 确定影响这些手术程序在医疗补助计划中的可用性因素.
- 为了提供州级的程序性覆盖范围的细分.
主要方法:
- 对所有50个州和华盛顿特区性别确认手术的2021年州医疗补助政策的分析.
- 记录国家党派关系和国家级医疗补助保护的存在.
- 统计评估政治倾向与覆盖范围之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 30个州和华盛顿特区为至少一个性别确认手术提供医疗补助.
- 生殖器手术和乳房切除是最常见的,其次是乳房增大.
- 面部女性化和语音修饰手术的覆盖范围有限,分别只有12个和4个州覆盖它们.
结论:
- 医疗补助计划对性别确认手术的覆盖范围在整个美国呈现出一个分散的系统.
- 面部和声音手术的覆盖特别缺乏.
- 这项研究对于患者和外科医生来说,对于国家特定的医疗补助手术覆盖范围来说,是一个关键的参考.
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