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土壤细菌社区的结构和运作在一个长期的保护农业实验中,在半干旱的雨水养生产系统下进行实验

G Pratibha¹, M Manjunath¹, B M K Raju¹

¹ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Frontiers in microbiology

|July 3, 2023

概括

保护农业 (CA) 提高了土壤细菌多样性和营养物质的可用性,同时减少了半干旱的雨水系统中的温室气体排放. 这种可持续的做法改善了土壤的健康状况,并有助于缓解气候变化.

科学领域:

土壤科学土壤科学
微生物学微生物学
农业学是一种农业学.
环境科学环境科学

背景情况:

土壤微生物群落对于营养循环,有机物分解和温室气体 (GHG) 排放至关重要.
保护农业 (CA) 实践影响土壤细菌多样性,营养素的可用性和温室气体排放.
缺乏关于CA在半干旱雨季地区的影响的系统文档.

研究的目的:

评估CA下的耕作和作物残留物水平对土壤细菌多样性,酶活性,温室气体排放和营养含量的十年影响.
评估CA在半干旱雨季养的豆-豆系统中实现可持续农业实践的潜力.

主要方法:

在半干旱,雨水条件下对豆-麻豆作物系统进行了为期10年的实地研究.
传统耕作 (CT) 与保护农业 (CA:没有残留耕作 - NTR1,NTR2) 的研究影响.
利用基于Illumina HiSeq的16S rRNA amplicon测序用于细菌社区分析.
测量了土壤酶活性,温室气体排放 (CO2,N2O,CH4) 和土壤可用的营养素 (N,P,K).

主要成果:

与CT相比,CA显著改变了土壤细菌群落,增加了Actinobacteria的相对丰度.
CA实践导致了更高的土壤酶活动 (脱酶,尿素酶,酸酶) 和减少温室气体排放.
与CT相比,CA提高了34%的土壤有机碳 (OC),并增加了10-34%的可用,和.

结论:

保护农业有效地增强了土壤细菌群落,营养的可用性,和酶活动在半干旱的雨水系统.
通过减少温室气体排放,CA实践有助于缓解气候变化.
该研究强调CA是促进雨水环境中可持续农业的关键策略.

关键词:

酶活动酶活动营养素的可用性营养素的可用性废物残留物废物残留物土壤微生物社区土壤有机碳土壤有机碳耕作耕作耕作耕作耕作

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