非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC):对分子病理学的影响以及早期诊断和治疗方面的进展
Hafiza Padinharayil1,2, Jinsu Varghese2, Mithun Chacko John3
1Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala 680005, India.
Genes & diseases
|July 3, 2023
概括
精确的肺癌分类推动了向治疗和免疫疗法. 液体活检为早期检测,治疗耐药性监测和改善非小细胞肺癌患者监测提供了有希望的生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 癌症流行病学 癌症流行病学
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断
背景情况:
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的分类指导肺癌的诊断和治疗.
- 预计癌症死亡率将超过缺血性心脏病,非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 是其中的主要原因.
- 早期诊断和准确的分期对于改善NSCLC患者的治疗结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 突出肺癌分类的持续更新对于治疗进步的重要性.
- 强调癌症流行病学在为预防和医疗保健策略提供信息方面的作用.
- 探索液体活检生物标志物在NSCLC管理和监测中的潜力.
主要方法:
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 对肺癌的组织学和阶段性分类的审查.
- 分析全球癌症死亡率预测及其影响.
- 讨论非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 诊断和治疗方面的进展,包括免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 和向疗法.
- 液体活检候选人的探索:循环瘤细胞 (CTC),无细胞瘤DNA (cfDNA),瘤培养血小板 (TEP) 和细胞外囊泡 (EV).
主要成果:
- 世卫组织的分类修订有助于为肺癌提供分子向和免疫疗法.
- 预计癌症将成为全球主要的死亡原因,NSCLC是其中的一个重要因素.
- 液体活检生物标志物显示出追踪驱动突变,获得耐药性和疾病预后的潜力.
结论:
- 准确的组织学分类和分期对于有效的NSCLC管理至关重要.
- 为了增强治疗应用,需要提高癌症生物标志物的特异性和敏感性.
- 液体活检是全面NSCLC监测和监视的有希望的,最少侵入性的工具.
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