在禁止家庭使用原煤后,一氧化碳中毒,蒙古
Tsetsegee Sambuu1, Gerelmaa Gunsmaa1, Tumen Ulzii Badarch2
1Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki305-8577, Japan.
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|July 3, 2023
概括
蒙古乌兰巴托禁止使用原煤供家用供暖,但这并没有减少一氧化碳中毒的发生率. 禁令后,中毒率显著增加,表明需要调查家庭供暖和通风的做法.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 蒙古的乌兰巴托实施了禁止国内使用原煤的禁令,以改善空气质量.
- 有关替代加热方法的安全性存在担忧,特别是精炼煤.
研究的目的:
- 评估国内原煤禁令对一氧化碳 (CO) 中毒发生率的影响.
- 在政策实施之前和之后分析CO中毒的趋势.
主要方法:
- 利用伤害监测数据和2017年5月至2022年4月的人口估计.
- 对于致命和非致命的CO中毒,每10万人/年计算的发病率.
- 在有禁令和没有禁令的地区比较中毒率,根据年龄和性别分析数据.
主要成果:
- 禁令的地区,一氧化碳中毒的发生率显著增加,从禁令前的每10万人口中的7.2和6.4人增加到禁令后的每10万人口中的38.9人.
- 尽管有公共教育,但中毒率仍然很高,非致命病例显著增加 (151至1633).
- 在不受禁令影响的地区也观察到CO中毒的轻微增加.
结论:
- 禁用原煤并没有导致国内一氧化碳中毒的减少.
- 对使用精炼煤和通风的家庭加热实践的进一步调查至关重要.
- 需要制定策略来减轻与当前的家用加热方法相关的CO中毒风险.
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