身体健康是否会在成年后对认知功能产生不同的影响? 年龄较大是一种优势
Patrick D Gajewski1, Klaus Golka1, Jan G Hengstler1
1Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo) at the Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.
Frontiers in psychology
|July 3, 2023
概括
身体健康 (PF) 与认知功能和一般智力有关. 中年到老年人比年轻人更能从更高的身体健康中获得更大的认知益处.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 认知功能随着年龄的增长而显著变化,受生物学和生活方式的影响.
- 身体健康 (PF) 是一个关键的生活方式因素,影响整个生命周期的大脑活动和认知.
- 不同成年年龄段的PF所影响的特定认知功能需要进一步澄清.
研究的目的:
- 研究健康成年人的身体健康和一般智力之间的关系.
- 为了确定更高的身体健康是否与特定认知功能的增强性能有关.
- 检查身体健康和认知能力之间的关系中的与年龄相关的差异.
主要方法:
- 分析了490名年龄在20至70岁的参与者的数据.
- 使用PWC130 (W/kg) 和自我报告的水平评估身体健康.
- 使用标准化神经心理测试和迷你精神状态检查 (MMSE) 评估认知表现.
主要成果:
- 身体健康与一般智力 (g因子) 和总样本中的其组成部分相关.
- 年龄调节了PF与注意力和推理等认知领域之间的关联.
- 中年到老年人 (46-70岁) 显示PF与选择性注意力,记忆,推理和处理之间存在显著的积极关联,与年轻人不同.
结论:
- 与年轻人相比,身体健康给中年和老年人带来了更大的认知益处.
- 年龄是身体健康和认知功能之间的关系的重要调节者.
- 研究结果表明,特定于年龄的神经生物学机制是身体健康的认知影响的基础.
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