在健康的年轻人中,不同难度的口语任务对发言过程中的实时呼吸空气流的影响
Malin Gullsvåg1, Claudia Rodríguez-Aranda1
1Department of Psychology, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Frontiers in psychology
|July 3, 2023
概括
复杂的口语任务,如口语流,显著增加峰值呼气流 (PEF) 和吸入的空气流. 这项研究将苛刻的认知任务与呼吸功能联系起来,特别是呼吸空气流量峰值.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 呼吸系统生理学 呼吸系统生理学
- 语音科学 语言科学
背景情况:
- 呼吸功能与认知过程相互关联,包括工作记忆和执行功能.
- 之前的研究表明,峰值呼气流 (PEF) 与认知功能之间存在联系,但实验证据,特别是关于口语的证据,是有限的.
- 认知需求可以影响呼吸模式,强调需要进一步研究这种关系.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查呼吸模式是否根据口头命名任务的执行情况而有所不同,难度不同.
- 探索涉及口头任务的特定认知过程与呼吸空气流量参数之间的关系.
- 提供实验证据,证明复杂的口头任务与呼吸气流峰值之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 三十名健康的年轻人完成了五项难度越来越高的口头任务:单词阅读,文本段落阅读,对象命名,语义流和语音流.
- 一个肺动图谱面具同时记录了口语反应和三个空气流参数 (持续时间,峰值,体积) 在吸气和呼气期间.
- 用单向重复测量MANOVA分析数据,以比较跨任务的空气流参数.
主要成果:
- 阅读单个单词和对象命名并没有显示空气流要求的显著差异.
- 阅读文本段落需要明显的空气流,与所说的单词数比例相关.
- 语言流利性任务 (语义和语音) 要求更大的吸入气流,并导致显著更高的峰值呼气流 (PEF).
结论:
- 最具认知要求的任务,语义和语音语言流性,需要大量的吸入气流,并表现出高的PEF.
- 这项研究提供了第一个直接证据,证明复杂的口头任务与呼吸空气流量峰值之间存在关联.
- 对于更简单的任务,如对象命名和单词阅读的不确定的发现可能源于评估语音呼吸和认知同时存在的方法挑战.
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