种群内各个植物的花特征变化增强了对掠夺花蜜的防御能力
Shuang Tie1, Yong-Deng He2,3,4, Amparo Lázaro5
1College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
Plant diversity
|July 3, 2023
概括
花的特征变化影响了植物与动物的相互作用. 虽然花蜜掠夺者准长管花,但较短的管吸引了合法的授粉者,增强了种子生产和人口防御.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 植物学 植物学
背景情况:
- 花的特征变化可以影响植物和动物之间的相互作用,包括授粉者和花蜜掠夺者.
- 了解人口内部的变化如何影响这些多维相互作用至关重要,但尚未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究Caryopteris divaricata*中的花特征变化 (冠状管长度,花蜜量,糖度).
- 为了确定这种变异如何影响授粉,大黄蜂的花蜜掠夺,以及随后的种子生产.
- 评估是否有授粉者或花蜜掠夺者驱动着花特征的变化.
主要方法:
- 在单个 *Caryopteris divaricata* 植物中测量了花的特征 (冠状管长度,花蜜量,糖度).
- 通过合法授粉者和花蜜掠夺者 (*Bombus nobilis*, *B. picipes*) 的观察和量化访问.
- 在自然条件下和抢劫排除条件下,每果种子的评估种子产量.
主要成果:
- 蜂蜜掠夺者 (*B. nobilis*) 喜欢长管状的花朵,花蜜量和糖度较低.
- 冠状管较短的植物经历了较少的花蜜掠夺,更高的合法授粉者访问 (*B. picipes*) 和更高的种子生产.
- 通过减少授粉者访问,花蜜抢劫显著减少了种子生产;当抢劫者被排除在外时,这种效应不存在.
结论:
- 在 *Caryopteris divaricata* 中的花特征变化促进了合法授粉者和花蜜掠夺者之间的利基隔离.
- 这种变异增强了群体层面的防御,防止花蜜掠夺,这表明它可能不仅仅是由授粉者偏好驱动的.
- 单个植物变异在调解复杂的植物动物相互作用和种群弹性方面发挥着关键作用.
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