父母在与孩子分享经验时调节兴奋:对瞳孔直径变化反应的研究
Jessica Yarmolovsky1, Maya Sabag1,2, Or Lipschits1,2
1The Developmental Neuropsychology Laboratory, The Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Frontiers in human neuroscience
|July 3, 2023
概括
父母在与孩子分享经验时表现出独特的神经调节反应,表现出下瞳孔膨胀变化. 这表明父母在亲子互动期间调节兴奋,影响社会情感发展.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 父母和孩子之间的互动
背景情况:
- 父母模范显著影响孩子的社会情感和神经发育.
- 父母在共同经历中的反应可以是有意识的或非有意的.
- 了解亲子神经调节反应对于发育洞察至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在共享互动期间调查亲子瞳孔扩张变化反应.
- 为了比较父母和孩子之间的神经调节反应在不同的二次语境.
- 为了确定父母的兴奋调节是否在与孩子和同龄人互动时有所不同.
主要方法:
- 招募了四个小组:父母-孩子,孩子-父母,孩子-同龄人,和成人-同龄人.
- 使用计算机共享图像任务来促进沟通和心理图像.
- 测量的瞳孔直径变化作为生理调节反应的指标.
主要成果:
- 与父母互动的孩子相比,与父母互动的孩子相比,父母与孩子互动的父母的瞳孔直径变化明显较小 (p < 0.01).
- 与儿童同龄人 (p < 0.01) 和成年同龄人 (p < 0.05) 双眼相比,父母的瞳孔扩张较低.
- 在儿童-父母,儿童-同龄人和成人-同龄人群中没有观察到瞳孔膨胀的显著差异.
结论:
- 父母在与孩子分享经验时,表现出一种独特的兴奋调节模式.
- 这种父母的自我调节可能在促进孩子的社会情感发展方面发挥关键作用.
- 研究结果表明,家长主导的干预措施有可能针对社会情感成长.
相关概念视频
03:34Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood
Attachment is a long-standing connection or bond with others. While Attachment Theory was conceived in developmental psychology to describe infant-caregiver bonding, it's been extended into adulthood to include romantic relationships.
01:23Optimal Arousal Theory
The optimal arousal theory suggests that performance is maximized when an individual experiences a moderate level of arousal. This theory is closely tied to the Yerkes-Dodson law, which illustrates an inverted U-shaped relationship between arousal and performance. The law, formulated by psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dodson, implies an ideal arousal level for optimal performance, and deviations from this level can lead to declines in effectiveness.
Inverted U-Shaped Performance Curve
The...
Inverted U-Shaped Performance Curve
The...
01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Stella Chess...
Primary Temperament Types
Stella Chess...
01:30Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
01:25Self-Regulation
Self-regulation, also known as self-control, encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral processes that allow individuals to adjust their internal states and outward actions to align with socially acceptable norms and long-term goals. It plays a fundamental role in adaptive functioning, from resisting impulsive behaviors to persisting through challenging tasks. While its benefits are widely recognized, self-regulation is not limitless. Muraven and Baumeister's theory posits that...
01:28Relationship with Parents: Attachment
Parent-child interactions lay the foundation for how we understand relationships throughout life. These interactions are not uniform across families; instead, they are shaped by a range of environmental, emotional, and behavioral factors unique to each caregiver-child dynamic. Social psychologists study these early relationships to understand how patterns formed in infancy influence social functioning and interpersonal behavior in adulthood.Attachment Theory and Early Relational ModelsJohn...