多基因指数是否捕捉到对儿童外化行为的"直接"影响? 在两个纵向出生队列中的家庭内分析
Peter T Tanksley1,2, Sarah J Brislin3, Jasmin Wertz4,5
1Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|July 3, 2023
概括
一个新的多基因指数 (PGI) 有效地测量了儿童的ADHD和物质使用等行为外部化的遗传风险. 这种遗传风险工具有助于早期识别和干预破坏性行为.
科学领域:
- 行为遗传学 行为遗传学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 精神病学流行病学 精神病学流行病学
背景情况:
- 外向化行为,包括注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD),反社会行为和物质使用,都很早出现,并带来了重大的社会成本.
- 精确测量遗传风险对于改善这些破坏性行为的早期识别和干预策略至关重要.
- 现有的研究往往难以将遗传与环境影响脱而出.
研究的目的:
- 用分子遗传数据研究遗传变异对外部化行为造成的因果关系.
- 在纵向队列中评估外部化多基因指数 (PGI) 的预测效用.
- 检查发育轨迹,父母遗传影响和多基因预测外部化问题的性别差异.
主要方法:
- 在英国两大纵向队列 (E-Risk和MCS) 中使用了家族内部设计,以尽量减少环境混.
- 采用分子遗传数据来构建一个外部化的多基因指数 (PGI).
- 分析了PGI与整个发育过程中的外部化行为之间的关联,考虑到父母遗传学和性别差异.
主要成果:
- 外化的PGI捕捉了对儿童和青少年外化的问题的无偏的遗传影响.
- 保护地理标志的效应大小与其他已确定的外部化行为风险因素相美.
- 多基因关联在发育过程中波动,在5-10岁之间达到顶峰,父母遗传或家庭共变体的影响最小. 预测中的性别差异只能通过家庭内部比较来检测.
结论:
- 外化PGI是了解破坏性行为发展轨迹的宝贵工具.
- 这种基因风险测量有望增强早期识别和干预工作.
- 利用PGI进行进一步的研究可以揭示整个发展过程中自我调节困难的遗传基础.
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