极化德斯莫索姆和半德斯莫索姆通过外体流出,是外血视网膜屏障功能障碍的早期指标
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|July 3, 2023
概括
视网膜色素表皮 (RPE) 细胞中的氧化应激会改变外体,导致屏障蛋白脱落. 这一发现为与年龄相关的黄斑变性 (AMD) 和其他神经退行性疾病提供了潜在的早期生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 视网膜色素表皮 (RPE) 对于光受体功能和维持血视网膜屏障至关重要,但易受氧化应激的影响.
- RPE功能障碍与与年龄相关的黄斑变性 (AMD) 有关,这是视力丧失的主要原因.
- 由RPE细胞释放的外体参与细胞间通信,可能表明细胞应激.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究外体在氧化应激下AMD早期阶段的作用.
- 在RPE细胞的慢性氧化应激过程中识别出外体含量和功能的变化.
主要方法:
- 使用了受慢性亚毒性氧化应激的两极化初级RPE细胞培养模型.
- 在高度净化的底侧外体上进行了无偏见的蛋白质组分析.
- 研究了一种外体酶释放抑制剂对RPE亚细胞外基质中蛋白质积累的影响.
主要成果:
- 蛋白质组分析揭示了与表皮屏障完整性相关的外体蛋白质的显著变化,这些变化发生在受压力的RPE细胞中.
- 氧化应激导致基底侧亚RPE细胞外基质中特定蛋白质的积累增加.
- 抑制外体释放阻止了这些蛋白质的积累.
- 在氧化应激过程中通过外体识别了基底侧特定的desmosome和hemidesmosome脱落.
结论:
- 在RPE细胞中,慢性氧化应激会改变外体组合,并促进与屏障相关的蛋白质的释放.
- 外体可能作为RPE功能障碍在AMD和其他神经退行性疾病的早期生物标志物.
- 向外体释放为视网膜疾病提供了潜在的治疗策略.
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