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中低收入国家的结核病知识,态度和实践:系统性审查
Oana Marilena Craciun1, Malen Del Rosario Torres1,2, Agustín Benito Llanes1,3
1National Centre of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Journal of tropical medicine
|July 3, 2023
概括
低收入和中等收入国家对结核病 (TB) 的知识不足,导致预防和治疗实践存在重大差距. 通过教育和改善医疗保健准入来解决这些差距对于结核病控制至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是全球主要的传染病死亡原因,不成比例地影响低收入和中等收入国家.
- 了解公众的知识,态度和做法 (KAP) 对于有效的结核病控制战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在高负担,低收入和中等收入国家系统审查现有的KAP结核病调查.
- 发现与结核病预防,诊断和治疗有关的公共知识,态度和实践的缺陷.
- 为改善结核病控制和减少疾病传播提供政策制定信息.
主要方法:
- 进行了对30项研究的系统审查.
- 包括的研究是那些报告有关结核病相关的知识,态度和实践 (KAP) 调查的研究.
- 使用数据库搜索来确定相关研究.
主要成果:
- 发现公众对结核病的迹象,症状,预防和治疗知识不足.
- 结核病患者的显著耻辱化和对诊断的负面反应很普遍.
- 获得医疗保健的障碍,包括交通,距离和成本,限制了诊断和治疗.
- 知识和实践缺陷普遍存在,通常与较低的社会经济和教育水平有关.
结论:
- 在低收入和中等收入国家,有关结核病的知识,态度和实践存在重大差距.
- 针对结核病症状,预防和治疗的有针对性的教育计划是必要的,以减少传播和耻辱.
- 需要创新的医疗保健解决方案来克服结核病诊断和治疗的障碍.
- 政策制定者应该利用KAP调查证据来调整策略,并赋予社区结核病控制工作的权力.
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