在内支架的临床前模型中的活性药物涂层流量转移器
Robert M King1, Ahmet Peker2, Mark Epshtein1
1New England Center for Stroke Research, Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
Journal of neurointerventional surgery
|July 3, 2023
概括
氨酸涂层的转流器显示出减少血栓栓塞并发症 (TEC) 的潜力. 一项研究发现,涂层设备中的磁感应器件 (MSA) 显著减少,这表明风险降低.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 医疗器械技术 医疗器械技术
- 血管外科 血管外科
背景情况:
- 流量转移器用于治疗血管问题,但存在血栓栓塞并发症 (TEC) 的风险.
- 一种新型的联合肝素涂层旨在通过激活抗血和降低凝血级联来减轻TEC.
- 这项研究研究了这种肝素涂层在减少TEC的神经成像证据中的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估氨酸涂层流量转移器在减少血栓栓塞并发症方面的有效性.
- 评估氨酸涂层对急性血栓形成和TEC的神经成像标记物的影响.
- 为了确定氨酸涂层是否减少了TEC的磁感应器件 (MSAs) 的发生率.
主要方法:
- 16只狗接受了基底动脉植入与重叠的流量转移器,分为肝素涂层 (n=9) 和未涂层 (n=7) 组.
- 高频光学连贯断层扫描 (HF-OCT) 量化了急性血栓 (AT) 的形成.
- 在8周内进行了系列MRI (T1,ToF,DWI,SWI,FLAIR) 和神经学检查.
主要成果:
- 虽然平均急性血栓体积没有显著差异,但氨酸涂层器件显示出较低体积的趋势.
- 在1周的随访期间,在肝素涂层组中观察到磁感应器 (MSA) 的显著减少,在整个研究中持续存在.
- 急性血栓体积与MSA计数直接相关,解释了80%的MSA变异,MSA与缺血性损伤相对应.
结论:
- 氨酸涂层的流量转移器在1周后显著减少了新的MSA的数量.
- 减少MSA表明有可能减少与流量转移器相关的血栓栓塞并发症.
- 这项技术在改善流量转移器处理的安全性方面表现有前途.
相关概念视频
Compartment Models: Two-Compartment Model
The two-compartment model divides the body into central and peripheral compartments to account for varying blood perfusion rates among organs and tissues, affecting drug distribution. The central compartment includes blood and highly perfused tissues with rapid drug distribution, while the peripheral compartment contains tissues with slower drug distribution. After a single IV bolus dose, the drug concentration is high in plasma and low in tissues. The drug distribution between compartments...
Clearance Models: Compartment Models
Clearance measures drug elimination from the central compartment, including plasma and highly perfused organs like kidneys and liver. Its calculation varies depending on pharmacokinetic models and administration routes. The one-compartment model, for instance, portrays the pharmacokinetics of polar drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics administered intravenously and readily excreted in urine. In this case, clearance is influenced by the terminal rate constant (λz) and the total volume of...
Two-Compartment Open Model: Overview
Multicompartmental models are crucial tools in pharmacokinetics, providing a framework to understand how drugs move within the body. The two-compartment model is a crucial subtype, segmenting the body into central and peripheral compartments. The central compartment represents areas with high blood flow, such as plasma and highly perfused organs like the kidneys and liver, while the peripheral compartment signifies tissues with lower blood flow, like adipose tissue and muscle tissue.
The...
The...
Three-Compartment Open Model
The three-compartment open model is a pharmacokinetic model used to describe the distribution and elimination of drugs following extravascular administration. It comprises a central compartment representing the plasma and two peripheral compartments. The highly perfused peripheral compartment represents organs and tissues with a rich blood supply, such as the liver, kidneys, and lungs. The scarcely perfused peripheral compartment represents tissues with lower blood supply, such as adipose...
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Incorporating Hepatic Transporter-Mediated Clearance
Drug transporters are critical in drug absorption, distribution, and excretion processes. They should be included in physiological-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models, which help predict human drug disposition. However, predicting this is challenging during drug development, especially when liver transport is involved. However, with a realistic representation of body transport processes, an accurate model may be possible.
A recent model describes pravastatin's hepatobiliary excretion, mediated...
A recent model describes pravastatin's hepatobiliary excretion, mediated...
In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models II
Various dissolution methods are utilized to assess a drug’s dissolution rate, including the flow-through cell, paddle-over-disk, cylinder, and reciprocating disk methods.The flow-through cell apparatus (USP (United States Pharmacopeia) method 4) comprises a reservoir for the dissolution medium and a pump that propels the medium through the cell containing the test sample. This method is crucial for assessing modified-release dosage forms with minimally soluble active ingredients, maintaining...


