在心血管风险较高的成年人中,地中海式或低脂肪饮食计划与最小干预措施相比,可以减少全因死亡率
1One Medical, San Francisco, California, USA (L.I.L.).
Annals of internal medicine
|July 3, 2023
概括
这项研究比较了高心血管风险的个体的七种流行的饮食. 在分析的饮食中,没有发现死亡率或主要心血管事件的显著差异.
科学领域:
- 预防心血管疾病预防心血管疾病
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 饮食干预措施 饮食干预措施
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 仍然是全球主要的死亡原因.
- 饮食模式在控制心血管风险方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 许多结构化饮食计划存在,但对主要心血管事件的有效性进行比较的证据有限.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和比较七个流行的结构化饮食计划的有效性.
- 评估与这些饮食相关的全因死亡率和主要心血管不良事件 (MACE) 的风险.
- 进行网络元分析,根据其相对有效性对饮食干预进行排名.
主要方法:
- 进行了系统审查和网络元分析.
- 包括的研究集中在患有心血管风险增加的患者身上.
- 主要结局是全因死亡率和主要不良心血管事件 (MACE).
主要成果:
- 网络元分析没有发现七个饮食计划之间关于死亡率或MACE的统计学上显著差异.
- 所有分析的饮食干预都显示了心血管风险降低的可比结果.
- 个体患者的坚持和特定的风险因素概况可能比选择的特定饮食更能影响结果.
结论:
- 流行的结构化饮食计划在降低高风险个体的死亡率和主要心血管事件方面表现出类似的有效性.
- 选择特定的结构化饮食可能不如坚持和个性化对心血管风险管理来说那么重要.
- 进一步的研究应该探索影响饮食干预措施的坚持和个体反应的因素.
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