平流层的水蒸气影响大气循环
Edward Charlesworth1, Felix Plöger2,3, Thomas Birner4
1Institute for Energy and Climate Research: Stratosphere (IEK-7), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany. e.charlesworth@fz-juelich.de.
Nature communications
|July 3, 2023
概括
平流层的水蒸气显著影响气候. 通过改善运输方案,减少气候模型中的这种湿度偏差对于准确的大气循环预测至关重要.
科学领域:
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 大气动力学 大气动力学
背景情况:
- 水蒸气对地球气候系统至关重要,影响辐射,云形成和大气过程.
- 最低的平流层水蒸气提供了关键的气候反,但目前的模型显示出显著的湿度偏差.
- 这种偏见影响了气候预测的准确性和我们对大气循环的理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查平流层和热层大气循环对平流层最低层水蒸气丰富度的敏感性.
- 确定当前气候模型中湿度偏差的原因,并提出解决方案.
- 评估平流层最低层水蒸气对区域气候的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用机械气候模型实验来隔离低平流层水蒸气的影响.
- 分析模型间的可变性,以了解模型偏差.
- 结合机械模型结果与大气观测来验证发现.
主要成果:
- 较低的平流层水蒸气增加导致局部温度下降.
- 这导致亚热带气流向上和向极移动,并加强了平流层循环.
- 观察到热层旋驱动的喷气流向极移动,以及区域气候影响.
- 模型中普遍存在的湿度偏差很可能是由于运输方案造成的,并且可以通过不那么扩散的拉格朗的方案来减少.
结论:
- 最低层平流层的水蒸气对大气循环产生一级影响,其影响程度与气候变化影响相当.
- 改善气候模型中最低层平流层水蒸气的表现对于准确的气候预测至关重要.
- 使用较少扩散的拉格朗运输方案可以减轻模型偏差,并改善大气循环的模拟.
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