社会微生物组的共同进化路径
1Evolutionary Biology Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.
Molecular biology and evolution
|July 4, 2023
概括
社交网络推动了肠道细菌的进化. 在小鼠中,大肠杆菌 (E. coli) 的宿主对宿主传播显著增强了共享的进化事件,影响了微生物组的动态.
科学领域:
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 肠道共生动物在健康宿主中迅速进化和适应.
- 社交网络影响着各种物种的肠道微生物组合.
- 主体对主体的细菌传播是微生物生态学的关键因素.
研究的目的:
- 评估宿主对宿主细菌传播对大肠杆菌 (大肠杆菌) 在哺乳动物肠道内的进化的影响.
- 研究社会互动如何影响微生物进化动态.
- 在不同的社会背景下量化大肠杆菌突变积累的速度.
主要方法:
- 使用小鼠进行体内实验进化.
- 在共住宿宿主之间的每日大肠杆菌传播率的量化.
- 应用种群遗传学模型来分析进化动态.
- 每个基因组每代突变积累率的估计.
主要成果:
- 在同居小鼠之间观察到大肠杆菌的每日传播率为7% (±3% 2SE).
- 肠道微生物组内的共同进化事件在同居小鼠中显著增强.
- 大肠杆菌的突变累积率估计为3.0 × 10-3 (±0.8 × 10-3 2SE) 突变/基因组/一代.
- 突变率独立于社会背景 (共同住房).
结论:
- 在受社交网络影响的宿主间的细菌迁移,在塑造适应性进化的过程中起着至关重要的作用.
- 具有相似饮食和习惯的宿主表现出相似的微生物群物种组成和进化轨迹.
- 了解宿主对宿主传播对于理解肠道微生物组的演变和菌株适应至关重要.
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